自修复材料在防护涂层中的研究进展及展望

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.348

中国腐蚀与防护学报 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.348

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自修复材料在防护涂层中的研究进展及展望

黄绘,李树丽,邓书端,李向红

西南林业大学材料与化学工程学院西南地区林业生物质资源高效利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室

Research Progress and Prospects of Smart Materials in Protective Coatings

Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

引用本文:

黄绘李树丽邓书端李向红. 自修复材料在防护涂层中的研究进展及展望[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.348.

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摘要: 自修复材料是一类典型的环境响应型功能材料，能够通过感知并响应外部刺激实现损伤的自主修复。近年来在材料设计、响应机制和应用拓展方面取得了显著进展。本文系统综述了自修复材料在防护涂层应用的核心材料体系，包括介孔二氧化硅（MSN）、层状双金属氢氧化物（LDHs）、金属有机框架（MOFs）、共价有机框架材料（COFs）等载体，以及有机杂环、氨基酸等功能性缓蚀活性物质。同时，总结了自修复材料在智能涂层、极端环境防护、多功能集成系统中的应用进展，并分析了当前面临的挑战，包括成本高昂、长期稳定性不足、规模化生产困难及潜在环境风险。最后，展望了自修复材料向绿色化、多功能化、AI融合与数字孪生协同管理的发展趋势，为下一代高效、可持续防腐技术的研发提供理论参考与技术路径。

关键词 ： MSN, LDHs, MOFs, COFs, 环境响应, 防腐蚀机理

Abstract：Self-healing materials, as a new generation of environment-responsive technology, have made significant progress in material design, response mechanisms, and application expansion in recent years. This paper systematically reviews the core material systems of self-healing materials used in protective coatings, including carriers such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as well as functional corrosion-inhibiting active substances like organic heterocycles and amino acids. Meanwhile, it summarizes the advancements in the application of self-healing materials in intelligent coatings, extreme environment protection, and multifunctional integrated systems, and analyzes current challenges including high costs, insufficient long-term stability, difficulties in large-scale production, and potential environmental risks. Finally, the paper envisions development trends toward greener, multifunctional self-healing materials integrated with AI and digital twin collaborative management, providing theoretical references and technical pathways for the research and development of next-generation efficient and sustainable anti-corrosion technologies.

Key words： MSN LDHs MOFs COFs environmental response anti-corrosion mechanism.

收稿日期: 2025-11-05

基金资助:国家自然科学基金;云南省院士专家工作站

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