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中国腐蚀与防护学报  2022, Vol. 42 Issue (5): 798-804    DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2021.270
  海洋材料腐蚀与防护专栏 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
武汉地铁钢轨在典型隧道环境中的腐蚀现状分析
庞涛1,2, 刘静1(), 黄峰1, 李闯3, 赵国知2, 黄先球2, 郑建国2, 程鹏2
1.武汉科技大学 省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室 武汉 430081
2.宝钢股份中央研究院 武汉 430081
3.中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 北京 100081
Corrosion Survey of Subway Rails in Typical Tunnel Environments at Wuhan Region of Central China
PANG Tao1,2, LIU Jing1(), HUANG Feng1, LI Chuang3, ZHAO Guozhi2, HUANG Xianqiu2, ZHENG Jianguo2, CHENG Peng2
1.The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
2.Central Research Institute, BaoShan Iron&Steel Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430081, China
3.Metal & Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China
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摘要: 

走访我国华中地区在役和在建的地铁站点隧道环境,调查钢轨腐蚀状况。对隧道内水质化学成分、钢轨腐蚀产物微观形貌及物相结构进行观察和分析。结果表明,按照钢轨腐蚀程度不同,结合隧道内水质化学成分,可以将钢轨的腐蚀环境分为潮湿大气、污水浸泡、水泥砂浆覆盖及杂散电流。在上述4类服役和存放环境下,钢轨的腐蚀程度均不相同：潮湿大气腐蚀条件下钢轨 (在役) 腐蚀产物致密、稳定,具有一定的保护性。污水浸泡与水泥覆盖条件下,钢轨 (在建) 发生了Cl-参与下的鼓泡状局部腐蚀和氧化层全面腐蚀,而杂散电流腐蚀 (在用) 则直接造成了轨底缺损,是目前所见腐蚀速率最快、程度最重的钢轨腐蚀情况。针对不同环境下的钢轨腐蚀,提出了相应防护措施建议。
关键词 ： 钢轨,  地铁隧道环境,  局部腐蚀,  杂散电流腐蚀    
Abstract：

A corrosion survey was made for the subway rails at Wuhan city of Central China, focusing especially on the corrosion related environments in tunnels of subway stations in service or under construction. The chemical composition of the collected water samples, the microstructure and phase constituents of corrosion products on subway rails were examined. The results show that according to the difference in the corrosion degree of subway rails and the quality of relevant waters collected from various tunnels, the corrosion environments encountered for the subway rails can be divided into four categories: humid atmosphere, sewage immersion, cement mortar as cover, and stray current. As the subway rails in service or storage in the above four types of environments, the corrosion degree of the rails is different: in the humid atmosphere, the formed corrosion products on rails (in service) are compact and stable with protectiveness to certain extent; in the condition of sewage soaking and cement mortar as cover, the rails (under construction) experienced local bubbled corrosion and uniform corrosion with the participation of Cl-; while the stray current induced corrosion (in use) can directly cause the damage of the rail bottom, which is the fastest and the most severe corrosion of the subway rails, what we've seen up to now. In view of the corrosion of rails in different environments, the corresponding protection measures are also put forward.
Key words： rail    subway tunnel environment    local corrosion    stray current corrosion
收稿日期: 2021-10-09     
ZTFLH:  TG174  
基金资助:中国铁道科学研究院科研项目(2019YJ093)
通讯作者: 刘静     E-mail: liujing@wust.edu.cn
Corresponding author: LIU Jing     E-mail: liujing@wust.edu.cn
作者简介: 庞涛,男,1982年生,硕士,高级工程师
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庞涛
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引用本文:

庞涛, 刘静, 黄峰, 李闯, 赵国知, 黄先球, 郑建国, 程鹏. 武汉地铁钢轨在典型隧道环境中的腐蚀现状分析[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2022, 42(5): 798-804.
Tao PANG, Jing LIU, Feng HUANG, Chuang LI, Guozhi ZHAO, Xianqiu HUANG, Jianguo ZHENG, Peng CHENG. Corrosion Survey of Subway Rails in Typical Tunnel Environments at Wuhan Region of Central China. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2022, 42(5): 798-804.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2021.270      或      https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2022/V42/I5/798

Environment typeEnvironmental corrosion factorWater qualityLocationCorrosion degree
Humid atmosphereAtmospheric corrosion, temperature 10-30 ℃, humidity 70%-90%RHNeutral electrolyteIn most operating sections, the rails do not directly contact waterLight corrosion
Sewage immersionConstruction sewage, airNear neutral electrolyte containing Cl- and SO42-Low-lying prone to water section in the tunnelLight corrosion and local corrosion
Cement mortar overlayPortland cement, water, airalkaline electrolyte containing Cl-The section where lay the rail before pouring the concreteOverall corrosion of the rail surface, destroyed oxide scale
Stray currentCurrent, deposited salts, cement or other electrolytesNeutral electrolyteLong operation years, water leakage in the tunnel, sand and stones at the bottom of the rail or electrolyte accumulationRail bottom defect, damaged integrity, severe corrosion
表1  地铁服役环境因素特征汇总
图1  潮湿大气环境腐蚀5 a钢轨外观形貌和3 a整体外观形貌
图2  污水浸泡腐蚀环境锈蚀轨底脚及浸泡在水中钢轨的形貌
图3  污水浸泡蚀坑内锈蚀产物微观形貌
图4  污水浸泡蚀坑中锈蚀产物微观形貌与成分分析
图5  水泥砂浆覆盖钢轨表面剥落腐蚀产物微观形貌及EDS谱
图6  水泥砂浆覆盖环境下钢轨整体和表面锈蚀形貌
图7  杂散电流腐蚀的钢轨底脚缺损外观
图8  潮湿大气环境钢轨腐蚀机理示意图
图9  污水浸泡环境钢轨腐蚀机理示意图
图10  水泥覆盖环境钢轨腐蚀机理示意图
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