再生镁合金表面微弧氧化/水滑石复合膜层的一步法制备及其耐蚀性能研究
One-step Preparation and Corrosion Performance of Micro-arc Oxidation/hydrotalcite Composite Film on Recycled Mg-alloys
通讯作者: 张欣欣,E-mail:xinxinzhang@hust.edu.cn,研究方向为金属材料腐蚀机制与防护
收稿日期: 2025-04-10 修回日期: 2025-05-29
| 基金资助: |
|
Corresponding authors: ZHANG Xinxin, E-mail:xinxinzhang@hust.edu.cn
Received: 2025-04-10 Revised: 2025-05-29
| Fund supported: |
|
作者简介 About authors
张云,女,2003年生,本科生
高Al含量(~2.3%,质量分数)再生镁合金由于含有较多第二相杂质而表现出较差的耐蚀性,因此往往需要对其进行表面处理才能进一步应用。本工作在高Al含量再生镁合金表面进行了一种新型微弧氧化(MAO)工艺处理,在未向电解液中引入任何颗粒的情况下,生成了水滑石膜层(LDH),从而实现了一步制备得到MAO/LDH复合膜层。利用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪,对合金基体和MAO处理后样品的表面及截面进行分析;利用电化学测试和析氢实验,表征基体和MAO处理后材料的耐蚀性能。结果表明,MAO层呈现出具有均匀元素分布特征的双层结构,MAO层沉积物表面呈现出典型LDH的规整纳米结构,MAO层厚度约为2.72 μm,主要构成为MgO。LDH层厚度约为60 nm,富Mg、O、P、Al,经TEM分析确定其为Mg-Al LDH。利用本方法处理后的样品与裸基体相比表现出良好的耐蚀性,析氢速率相对于裸基体降低了约96.52%,自腐蚀电流密度降低了3个数量级。本文为镁合金表面一步法制备MAO/LDH复合膜层提供了一种可行的方案。
关键词:
Recycled Mg-alloys with high Al content (~2.3%) exhibit undesirable corrosion resistance due to their high second phase impurities, thus proper surface treatment is required for practical applications. In this work, a novel micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process was applied to a high-Al recycled Mg-alloy, while without introducing any extra particles into the electrolyte, a layered double hydroxide (LDH) film was formed, enabling the one-step fabrication of a MAO/LDH composite film. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of the alloys with MAO/LDH film were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and their corrosion performance was also assessed by electrochemical tests and hydrogen evolution measurement. It is revealed that the MAO/LDH composite layer exhibits a dual-layer structure with uniform elemental distribution. The inner MAO layer with a thickness of ~2.72 μm mainly consists of MgO whereas the outer layer, confirmed as Mg-Al LDH via TEM analysis, shows a thickness of ~60 nm, which is rich in Mg, O, P, and Al. Compared to the bare Mg-alloy, the MAO/LDH-coated Mg-alloy demonstrated significantly enhanced corrosion resistance: the hydrogen evolution rate was reduced by 28-fold, and the free-corrosion current density decreased by three orders of magnitude. This study provides a feasible strategy for one-step fabrication of MAO/LDH composite coatings on Mg-alloys, offering insights into improving the corrosion resistance of recycled Mg-alloys with high impurity content.
Keywords:
本文引用格式
张云, 张宇鹏, 董泽华, 张欣欣.
ZHANG Yun, ZHANG Yupeng, DONG Zehua, ZHANG Xinxin.
目前有很多工作将MAO层与LDH结合,利用LDH对MAO层表面的封孔作用,在不同的镁合金基体表面制备得到了高耐蚀性的MAO/LDH复合膜层。Zhang等[28]利用水热处理的方法在AZ31的MAO层表面构筑了Mg-Fe LDH层,提升了材料整体耐蚀性能的同时利用FeOOH的光热转化性能实现了一定程度的抗菌作用。Li等[29]通过向MAO的电解液中引入含有延胡索酸盐的Zn-Al LDH,在AZ91的MAO层表面构筑了Zn-Al LDH层,电化学测试结果显示,该膜层在10 d的浸泡测试后,低频阻抗仍能够维持在104 Ω·cm-2,表明其具有良好的耐蚀性能。虽然利用水热或原位沉积的方法能够得到具有较高耐蚀性的MAO/LDH复合膜层,但这些工作往往需要首先向MAO的电解液中引入LDH或通过MAO-水热处理的方法得到MAO/LDH复合膜层,制备过程繁琐。目前为止,鲜有通过一步MAO的方法直接得到MAO/LDH复合膜层的相关报道。
本工作以高铝含量再生镁合金为基体,选用一种磷酸盐体系的MAO表面处理工艺,仅通过一步MAO处理制备了MAO/LDH复合膜层。利用电子探针扫描分析仪、场发射扫描电镜、透射电镜、能量色散X射线和X射线薄膜衍射仪,对MAO/LDH复合膜层的微观组织结构进行了表征。在此基础上,借助电化学测试及析氢实验,对MAO/LDH复合膜层的耐蚀性能进行了评估。
1 实验方法
首先从使用超过5 a的废弃镁基部件中收集镁合金,去除表面污染物后,将收集到的合金在700 ℃下熔融,冷却后在440 ℃下固溶处理16 h得到再生镁合金。使用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定再生镁合金的元素组成,结果显示该合金主要成分(质量分数,%)为:Mg 96.824,Al 2.343,Zn 0.630, Mn 0.192,Fe 0.011。
把再生镁合金加工为25 mm × 10 mm × 1 mm的矩形试样,用800、1500、2000目砂纸逐级打磨样品表面后置于乙醇中超声15 min,冷风吹干备用。采用YS9000DDB-6005设备制备MAO/LDH复合膜层,其中搅拌、温控等设备均根据实验条件自主设计,如图1所示。实验中,阳极为再生镁合金,阴极为不锈钢电极片,优化后的电解液主要成分为6 g/L NaOH、12 g/L Na3PO4。MAO电参数采用400 V恒压模式,频率为1000 Hz,占空比为10%,处理时间600 s,温度控制在30 ℃以下,处理后的样品用乙醇冲洗后冷风吹干备用并命名为Recycled Mg-MAO/LDH。同时,利用800#的SiC砂纸对Recycled Mg-MAO/LDH进行轻度打磨处理,以除去最外层的LDH,并命名为Recycled Mg-MAO。
图1
采用X射线薄膜衍射仪(TF-XRD,XtaLAB PRO MM007HF)(Cu-Kα辐射,扫描速率为5 (°)/min,入射角为0.8°,扫描范围为20°~80°)以获得再生镁合金基体及MAO层的XRD谱图。
采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM,Tescan Mira 3)、电子探针扫描分析仪(EPMA,EPMA-8050G)对再生镁合金基体及MAO/LDH复合膜层进行形貌与元素分析,通过聚焦离子束(FIB,FEI Nova NanoLab™ 600 DualBeam)获得MAO/LDH复合膜层的截面,该截面还用于获得MAO/LDH复合膜层的电子透明薄膜,然后通过200 kV加速电压下的透射电子显微镜(TEM,Tecnai G2 20)和能量色散X射线 (EDX,X-Max)进行MAO层截面形貌与元素分析。用Image J对膜层表面的孔隙率、孔径,MAO层厚度,LDH层厚度进行计算。
通过测量在3.5% (质量分数) NaCl、室温下再生镁合金及MAO处理后的样品浸泡不同时间后的单位面积氢气产生量来评价再生镁合金基体及MAO处理后的腐蚀情况,其中裸合金浸泡时间为20 h,MAO处理后样品的浸泡时间为72 h。进一步,采用电化学测试方法对裸合金及MAO处理后的样品进行耐蚀性表征,采用三电极体系进行测试,测试介质为室温下的3.5%NaCl,其中参比电极为饱和甘汞电极(SCE),对电极为铂片电极(Pt),待测样品为工作电极。电化学测试采用CS350M电化学工作站进行,包括极化曲线测试(PC)和电化学阻抗(EIS)测试。PC的电位扫描区间为-300~150 mV vs. OCP,扫描速度为0.5 mV/s。EIS在开路电位下进行,测试频率范围为105~10-2 Hz,扰动电压为5 mV。
2 结果与讨论
2.1 再生镁合金结构及成分分析
图2
图2
再生镁合金表面背散射电子(BSE)图,TEM及EDX面扫图
Fig.2
Backscattered electrons BSE (a), TEM and EDX mapping photographs (b-f) of recycled Mg-alloy
2.2 MAO/LDH复合膜层表面及截面的结构、成分分析
图3
图3
MAO/LDH复合膜层表面SEM图
Fig.3
Surface SEM maps of MAO/LDH layer: (a) low-magnification surface SEM map of MAO/LDH layer, (b) the framed area in Fig.3a at an increased magnification, (c) the framed area in (b) at an increased magnification, (d) the framed area in Fig.3c at an increased magnification
图4
图4
MAO/LDH复合膜层的表面形貌及其对应的EPMA元素分布图
Fig.4
Surface morphology of the MAO/LDH layer (a) with its EPMA elemental mappings (b-e)
表1 不同镁合金表面含LDH膜层的厚度及自腐蚀电流密度对比
Table 1
| Coating/Substrate | Thickness/ μm | Corrosive medium | Icorr (Substrate)/ A·cm-2 | Icorr (MAO)/ A·cm-2 | Icorr (MAO/LDH)/ A·cm-2 | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDH/MAO/AZ31 | 7.83 | Hanks solution | 1.28 × 10-5 | 3.94 × 10-7 | 6.81 × 10-9 | [26] |
| LDH/Anodic-film/AZ31 | 3.9 | 3.5%NaCl | 1.47 × 10-5 | 8.08 × 10-6 | 7.90 × 10-7 | [35] |
| LDH/MAO/AZ31 | 14.2 | 3.5%NaCl | - | 6.25 × 10-6 | 1.02 × 10-7 | [36] |
| LDH/MAO/AZ31 | 8.62 | 3.5%NaCl | 1.20 × 10-5 | 4.31 × 10-8 | 4.67 × 10-9 | [37] |
| LDH/MAO/AZ31 | 9.9 | 3.5%NaCl | 1.54 × 10-5 | 9.89 × 10-6 | 2.30 × 10-7 | [38] |
| LDH/MAO/recycled Mg | 2.72 | 3.5%NaCl | 1.12 × 10-4 | - | 1.79 × 10-7 | This work |
图5为再生镁合金基体/MAO/LDH层的横截面照片。图5a揭示了MAO层所包含的层级结构。靠近基体的内层为孔隙率较小的致密层,外层为包含较多微米及亚微米级孔洞的多孔层。测量MAO/LDH复合膜层不同位置的厚度并通过软件分析得到该层的平均厚度约为(2.72 ± 0.98) μm,其中多孔层的厚度约为(2.28 ± 0.99) μm,致密层的厚度约为(0.53 ± 0.1) μm。图5b为图5a的局部放大(白色虚线框),进一步揭示了MAO/LDH复合膜层的截面结构,显示出MAO层的致密层所包含的一些纳米级微孔,这是由于膜层生长初期的析氧反应所产生的。除此之外,进一步观察分析表明,MAO层沉积物表面存在的纳米交联片状结构(红色箭头),与图3d结果一致。
图5
图5
再生镁合金基体/MAO/LDH层截面SEM图
Fig.5
Cross-sectional SEM images of the substrate/MAO/LDH layer: (a) low-magnification cross-sectional SEM map of the substrate/MAO/LDH layer, (b) framed area in Fig.5a at an increased magnification
2.3 物相分析
图6为再生镁合金基体和MAO/LDH复合膜层表面的XRD谱图。再生镁合金基体的XRD谱图仅表现出α-Mg的特征峰,而再生镁合金的表面除了合金基体Mg的信号外,还存在MgO的信号,说明Mg以及MgO为MAO层的主要成分。并未检测出P的相关特征峰,可能是P的有限结晶性导致的。此外,由于MAO/LDH复合膜层表面的纳米交联片状结构呈现出纳米级的厚度,因此XRD的谱图中也未观测到该结构的特征峰。
图6
图6
再生镁合金及其MAO/LDH复合膜层表面的XRD谱图
Fig.6
XRD pattern of the recycled Mg-alloy and MAO/LDH film
为进一步确定MAO层表面的纳米交联片状结构的构成,利用TEM表征了MAO层及其表面的纳米交联片状结构的截面信息。图7a为再生镁合金MAO层的基体/膜层高角环形暗场像,呈现出与SEM结果相似的结构,进一步证明MAO层由孔隙率与孔径较小的致密层和孔隙率及孔径较大的多孔层组成。图7b通过EDX分析了图7a所示截面的元素分布情况,与图4中MAO层表面的元素分布相似,表明MAO层主要由Mg、O、P构成,同时也存在富Al颗粒,说明Al在MAO过程中也通过某一种形式进入到MAO层中。图7c为图7a的局部放大(白色方框),该倍率下,MAO层表面存在的纳米交联片状结构可以被直接观测到。为进一步分析该结构,对图7c中白色箭头的位置进行了局部放大。如图7d所示,MAO层表面的纳米交联片状结构厚度约为60 nm。通过EDX元素分析得知该片状结构由Mg、O、P、Al构成(图7e)。图7f为图7d红色箭头部分纳米交联片状结构的高分辨谱图,揭示了其所具有的高结晶度的多晶结构,进一步分析发现纳米交联片状结构存在{106}和{115}晶面,并与标准谱图对比后确定其为Mg-Al LDH。推测Mg-Al LDH的形成是由于MAO过程中的瞬时高温高压提供了LDH的生长环境,MAO表面微孔附近由于高压击穿喷射而出的熔融物在接触电解液时降至与水热法生长LDH接近的温度,并伴随着表面Mg2+、Al3+的溶出从而生长为LDH[34]。相关过程如图8所示。
图7
图7
MAO/LDH复合膜层的TEM、EDX面扫及高分辨图
Fig.7
TEM, EDX mapping and high resolution maps of the MAO/LDH film: (a) HAADF micrograph showing a representative view of the MAO/LDH film, (b) EDX elemental mappings corresponding to Fig.7a, (c) framed area in Fig.7a at an increased magnification, (d) area indicated by the white arrow in Fig.7c at an increased magnification, (e) EDX elemental mappings corresponding to Fig.7d; (f) high-resolution spectrum of the area indicated by the red arrow in Fig.7d
图8
图8
Mg-Al LDH形成过程示意图
Fig.8
Schematically illustrating Mg-Al LDH formation process
2.4 耐蚀性
由于Mg合金在腐蚀过程中,第二相颗粒往往充当阴极,而α-Mg作为阳极首先被腐蚀,且腐蚀过程中产生H2,因此可以通过氢气析出动力学曲线来判定镁合金的腐蚀情况。图9为再生镁合金及MAO处理后的氢气析出动力学曲线。和预期情况类似,MAO处理后的再生镁合金的平均H2释放速率仅为~0.0022 mL·cm-2·h-1,较裸合金(~0.0632 mL·cm-2·h-1)降低了约96.52%。因此,析氢实验表明了MAO处理显著提高了再生镁合金的耐蚀性能。
图9
图9
再生镁合金MAO处理前后在3.5%NaCl中的氢气析出曲线
Fig.9
Hydrogen evolution curves in 3.5%NaCl of recycled Mg-alloy before and after MAO treatment
图10为室温下,3.5%NaCl溶液中再生镁合金和MAO处理后合金的动电位极化(PDP)曲线。其中,裸合金基体具有较高的自腐蚀电流密度Icorr (1.12 × 10-4 A/cm2),意味着其较高的腐蚀敏感性。而MAO处理后,Icorr降至1.79 × 10-7 A/cm2,相比裸合金降低了3个数量级,表明MAO/LDH复合膜层为再生镁合金提供了良好的屏蔽作用,显著增强了再生镁合金的耐蚀性能,与析氢实验的结果一致。
图10
图10
再生镁合金MAO处理前后在3.5%NaCl中的极化曲线
Fig.10
Polarization curves in 3.5%NaCl of recycled Mg-alloy before and after MAO treatment
为进一步探究LDH修饰层对耐蚀性能的增强机制,对Recycled Mg-MAO/LDH和Recycled Mg-MAO试样进行了EIS测试,结果如图11所示。由图11a可见,Recycled Mg-MAO/LDH的容抗弧半径比Recycled Mg-MAO的容抗弧半径大,说明Recycled Mg-MAO/LDH的耐蚀性能优于Recycled Mg-MAO。图11c是拟合上述阻抗谱所用到的等效电路,其中Rs、Rf和Rct分别分别代表溶液电阻,膜层电阻和电荷转移电阻,Qf、Qdl分别代表膜层电容和双电层电容,RL和L分别表示电感电阻和电感。利用Zview软件对EIS数据进行拟合,数据列于表2中。本文利用Rp值(Rp = Rf + Rct)来评价金属耐蚀性的强弱,该值越大,金属耐蚀性越强,对比表2中的Rp值,同样可见,Recycled Mg-MAO/LDH的Rp值(20729 Ω·cm2)大于Recycled Mg-MAO的Rp值(16854 Ω·cm2),表明前者耐蚀性能优于后者,从而说明LDH层对进一步增强耐蚀性能有显著贡献。
图11
图11
Recycled Mg-MAO和Recycled Mg-MAO/LDH的EIS结果及等效电路
Fig.11
EIS results of recycled Mg-MAO and recycled Mg-MAO/LDH (a, b) with equivalent circuit (c)
表2 Recycled Mg-MAO和Recycled Mg-MAO/LDH的EIS拟合结果
Table 2
| Sample | Rs / Ω·cm2 | Qf / F·cm-2 | nf | Rf / Ω·cm2 | Qdl / F·cm-2 | ndl | Rct / Ω·cm2 | Rp / Ω·cm2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg-MAO | 12.21 | 7.1 × 10-8 | 0.81 | 564 | 1.7 × 10-5 | 0.51 | 16290 | 16854 |
| Mg-MAO/LDH | 12.65 | 3.2 × 10-7 | 0.72 | 2279 | 2.7 × 10-6 | 0.65 | 18450 | 20729 |
电化学极化与析氢结果均证明了再生镁合金表面由一步法制备的MAO/LDH复合膜层所具备的高耐蚀性的特点。一方面,这可能是由于MAO层靠近基体的致密层起到了物理隔绝作用,避免了Cl-与再生镁合金基体的直接接触[39, 40];另一方面,可能是由于MAO层沉积物表面的Mg-Al LDH所具有的夹层结构具有离子交换能力,使溶液中的Cl-在扩散到膜层/溶液界面时被插层的PO
3 结论
(1) 利用一步MAO处理的方法,在再生镁合金表面制备得到了MAO/LDH复合膜层。
(2) MAO/LDH复合膜层中,MAO层的主要构成为MgO,分为致密层与多孔层,致密层厚度约为0.53 μm,多孔层厚度约为2.28 μm,表面与截面呈现出均匀的元素分布;通过高分辨TEM确定了MAO层表面交联片状结构为Mg-Al LDH,厚度约为60 nm。
(3) 析氢与电化学极化测试结果显示其氢气析出速率减小了约96.52%,自腐蚀电流密度下降了3个数量级。本文所提出的一步法制备得到的MAO/LDH复合膜层赋予了再生镁合金优异的耐蚀性能。
参考文献
Research progress of micro-arc oxidation composite films for magnesium alloys
[J].
镁合金微弧氧化复合膜研究进展
[J].
Biomedical magnesium alloys: Composition, microstructure and corrosion
[J].
医用镁合金: 成分、组织及腐蚀
[J].
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-10Gd-2Y-0.5Zr alloy recycled by cyclic extrusion compression
[J].
Corrosion and electrochemical performances of recycled AZ31 magnesium alloy in NaCl solutions
[J].
NaCl溶液中回收AZ31镁合金的腐蚀和电化学特性
[J].
Effect of heavy metal impurities in secondary Mg alloys on the microstructure and mechanical properties during deformation
[J].
Influence of distribution of oxide contaminants on fatigue behavior in AZ31 Mg alloy recycled by solid-state processing
[J].
Recycling and regeneration analysis of magnesium alloy waste
[J].
镁合金废料的回收与再生分析
[J].
Enhanced corrosion properties of pure Mg and AZ31Mg alloy recycled by solid-state process
[J].
Role of Mn in improving the corrosion resistance and cytocompatibility of antibacterial Mg-Ag-Mn alloy
[J].
Effect of Mn addition and heat treatment on the corrosion behaviour of Mg-Ag-Mn alloy
[J].
Revisiting the cracking of chemical conversion coating on magnesium alloys
[J].
Preparation and properties of zinc phosphating film with silicate sealing on surface of magnesium alloy
[J].
镁合金表面锌系磷化膜及硅酸盐封闭工艺与性能
[J].
Preparation and properties of plasma sprayed NiAl10 and NiAl40 coatings on AZ91 substrate
[J].
A protective superhydrophobic Mg-Zn-Al LDH film on surface-alloyed magnesium
[J].
Fabrication and corrosion resistance of MAO-LDH composite coating on AZ91 Mg alloy
[J].
微弧氧化-水滑石复合涂层的制备及其在AZ91镁合金防腐蚀中的应用
[J].
Construction of a PEO/Mg-Mn LDH composite coating on Mg-Ag-Mn alloy for enhanced corrosion resistance and antibacterial potential
[J].
Corrosion resistance of Mg-4.0Zn-2.0Sr-0.4Ca alloy composite coating
[J].
Mg-4.0Zn-2.0Sr-0.4Ca合金复合涂层的耐腐蚀性能
[J].
Research progress on corrosion and protection of corrosion-resistant Mg-Li alloys
[J].
耐腐蚀Mg-Li合金的腐蚀与防护及其性能研究进展
[J].
PEO coating on Mg-Ag alloy: The incorporation and release of Ag species
[J].
A novel NIR-responsive coating for magnesium implants: Controllable degradation enhanced by air bomb
[J].
Effect of electrical parameters on energy consumption and corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation coating on AZ31B Mg-alloy
[J].
电参数对AZ31B镁合金微弧氧化膜能耗及耐蚀性的影响
[J].
Characterization and property of dual-functional Zn-incorporated TiO2 micro-arc oxidation coatings: The influence of current density
[J].
Functionalization treatment of micro-arc oxidation coatings on magnesium alloys: A review
[J].
Advances in LDHs for corrosion-resistant protection of Mg and Al alloys: A review
[J].
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) for multi-functionalized corrosion protection of metals: A review
[J].
In vitro degradation and cytocompatibility of a low temperature in-situ grown self-healing Mg-Al LDH coating on MAO-coated magnesium alloy AZ31
[J].
The study on corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic coatings on magnesium
[J].
Mg-Fe LDH sealed PEO coating on magnesium for biodegradation control, antibacteria and osteogenesis
[J].
Incorporation of LDH nanocontainers into plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on Mg alloy
[J].
Distribution and formation of Al-Mn phases in AZ series magnesium alloys
[J].
Al-Mn相在AZ系镁合金中的分布和形成
[J].
Accelerated corrosion rate of wire arc additive manufacturing of AZ91D magnesium alloy: The formation of nano-scaled AlMn phase
[J].
Macro-scale compositional inhomogeneity in friction stir processed Mg-Al-Zn cast alloy and its effect on mechanical property
[J].
Microstructure and corrosion resistance of plasma electrolytic oxidized recycled Mg alloy
[J].
Enhanced corrosion resistance of AZ31 Mg alloy by one-step formation of PEO/Mg-Al LDH composite coating
[J].
Growth behavior of MgAl-layered double hydroxide films by conversion of anodic films on magnesium alloy AZ31 and their corrosion protection
[J].
A self-healing corrosion protection coating with graphene oxide carrying 8-hydroxyquinoline doped in layered double hydroxide on a micro-arc oxidation coating
[J].
Enhanced corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation coated magnesium alloy by superhydrophobic Mg-Al layered double hydroxide coating
[J].
One-step in situ synthesis of graphene oxide/MgAl-layered double hydroxide coating on a micro-arc oxidation coating for enhanced corrosion protection of magnesium alloys
[J].
Research progress on protection and self-healing performance of layered double hydroxides coatings on Mg-alloy
[J].
层状双金属氢氧化物对镁合金的保护作用及自愈性能研究进展
[J].
Properties of layered dihydroxyl metal (MgAlLa) oxide composite coatings on different micro-arc oxidation surfaces of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn alloy
[J].
Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn合金不同微弧氧化表面MgAlLa层状双羟基金属氧化物复合涂层的性能研究
[J].
The effect of surface structure on hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance of the MgAlCe-LDH film prepared on the micro-arc oxidation coating of magnesium alloy
[J].
Corrosion inhibition of layered double hydroxides for metal-based systems
[J].
Preparation and properties of hydrophobic micro-arc oxidation/layered double hydroxide composite coating on magnesium alloy
[J].
Corrosion of molybdate intercalated hydrotalcite coating on AZ31 Mg alloy
[J].
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
