Inhibition of Q235 Steel in 1 mol/L HCl Solution by a New Efficient Imidazolium Schiff Base Corrosion Inhibitor

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.063

Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection

2024, Vol. 44

Issue (1): 59-70 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.063

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Inhibition of Q235 Steel in 1 mol/L HCl Solution by a New Efficient Imidazolium Schiff Base Corrosion Inhibitor

WANG Pengjie¹^,², SONG Yuhao¹^,², FAN Lin¹^,², DENG Kuanhai², LI Zhonghui³, MEI Zongbin⁴, GUO Lei⁵, LIN Yuanhua¹^,²^,³(

)

^1.State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Development Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
^2.School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
^3.School of Petroleum Engineering, Changjiang University, Wuhan 434023, China
^4.Sichuan Huayu Drilling and Production Equipment Co., Ltd., Luzhou 646000, China
^5.Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China

Cite this article:

WANG Pengjie, SONG Yuhao, FAN Lin, DENG Kuanhai, LI Zhonghui, MEI Zongbin, GUO Lei, LIN Yuanhua. Inhibition of Q235 Steel in 1 mol/L HCl Solution by a New Efficient Imidazolium Schiff Base Corrosion Inhibitor. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2024, 44(1): 59-70.

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Abstract

An imidazole Schiff base (MIX) corrosion inhibitor was synthesized via processes of amidation, dehydration cyclization, and quaternization at different temperatures with oleic acid, diethylenetriamine, n-butane iodide and cinnamaldehyde as raw material. The corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of MIX on Q235 steel in 1.00 mol/L HCl were systematically investigated by means of mass loss measurement, electrochemical testing, and surface analysis methods, as well as theoretical simulations. The results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency determined by mass loss method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (Tafel) were 98.64%, 96.93%, and 99.15%, respectively for adding a dose of MIX 2 mmol/L in the 2.00 mmol/L HCl solution, indicating that MIX can exhibit excellent corrosion inhibition performance in HCl environments. Electrochemical testing and isothermal adsorption models indicate that MIX is a cathodic corrosion inhibitor that can spontaneously adsorb on the surface of Q235 steel, following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. MIX can form a stable protective film on the surface of Q235 steel, further hindering the charge transfer rate within the corrosion system. XPS, EDS and FT-IR analysis confirmed that MIX molecules may be adsorbed on the surface of Q235 steel. Density functional theory (DFT) showed that the active site of MIX was phenyl, and the N atom on the imidazole ring. Molecular dynamics (MD) further confirmed that MIX may be adsorbed on the surface of Q235 steel. MIX can exhibit excellent corrosion inhibition performance in HCl environments, mainly due to the formation of a stable protective film on the surface of Q235 steel, which reduces the charge transfer rate within the corrosion system.

Key words: imidazole Schiff base electrochemistry mass loss experiment corrosion inhibition performance theoretical calculation

Received: 10 March 2023 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.063

ZTFLH:

TG174

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(52074232);Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2022NSFSC0028);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M710117);Sichuan Youth Science Foundation(2022NSFSC0994)

Corresponding Authors: LIN Yuanhua, E-mail: yhlin28@163.com

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	WANG Pengjie
	SONG Yuhao
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	DENG Kuanhai
	LI Zhonghui
	MEI Zongbin
	GUO Lei
	LIN Yuanhua

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https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2023.063 OR https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y2024/V44/I1/59

Fig.1 Synthesis route of MIX corrosion inhibitor molecule

Fig.2 FTIR spectrum of MIX

Fig.3 NMR spectra of MIX in heavy water: (a) ¹H-NMR, (b) ¹³C-NMR

Fig.4 OCP of Q235 steel in MIX solutions with different concentrations

Fig.5 Nyquist (a), impedance module (b) and phase angle (c) plots of Q235 steel in MIX solutions with different concentrations and its equivalent circuit (d)

C mmol/L	R_s Ω·cm²	Y_{0, f}× 10^-5 Ω^-1·cm^-2·sⁿ	n_f	C_f μF·cm²	R_f Ω·cm²	Y_{0, rct}× 10^-5 Ω^-1·cm^-2·sⁿ	n_rct	C_dl μF·cm²	R_ct Ω·cm²	$χ 2$	η_p
0.00	8.59	2.45	0.99	10.37	1.48	12.46	0.81	33.32	17.14	0.0015	/
0.20	1.10	4.915	0.80	9.47	73.3	11.21	0.80	21.52	267.8	0.0047	92.04%
0.50	1.41	15.26	0.79	7.87	411.1	3.66	0.74	18.72	76.84	0.0051	94.44%
1.00	2.71	8.78	0.76	5.61	83.85	17.91	0.70	11.91	696.3	0.0038	96.52%
2.00	2.46	19.45	0.72	3.67	790.3	8.44	0.71	8.32	95.37	0.0056	96.93%

Table 1 EIS parameters of Q235 steel in different MIX corrosion inhibition solutions

Fig.6 Potentiodynamic polarization diagram of Q235 steel in different MIX corrosion inhibition solutions

Concentration / mmol·L^-1	$E c o r r$ / $V$	$I c o r r$ / mA·cm^-2	-b_c mV·dec^-1	b_a mV·dec^-1	η
0.00	-0.478	3.5410	143.76	150.26	/
0.20	-0.493	0.0827	147.95	158.05	97.66%
0.50	-0.484	0.0525	179.17	157.77	98.51%
1.00	-0.489	0.0332	201.65	145.53	99.06%
2.00	-0.493	0.0301	255.68	161.29	99.15%

Table 2 Polarization curve parameters and corrosion inhibition efficiency

Table 3 Mass loss parameters of Q235 steel in different MIX corrosion inhibition solutions

Fig.7 Langmuir (a), El-Awady (b), Flory-Huggins (c), Freundlich (d) and Temkin (e) adsorption isotherm

Fig.8 Surface morphologies of Q235 steel after mass loss in MIX corrosion inhibition solutions with a concentration of 0.00 (a), 0.20 (b), 0.50 (c), 1.00 (d) and 2.00 (e) mmol/L

Fig. 9 Surface morphology (a) and EDS spectrum (b) of Q235 steel after mass loss

Fig.10 FTIR spectra of Q235 steel surface and MIX after mass loss

Fig.11 XPS spectra of Q235 steel surface after mass loss: (a) XPS survey, (b) Fe 2p3/2, (c) C 1s, (d) N 1s, (e) O 1s

Fig.12 Molecular structure (a), HOMO (b), LUMO (c) and ESP (d) of MIX molecule

Fig.13 Optimal adsorption morphology of MIX on Fe (110): (a) side view, (b) top view

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