Effect of NaHSO3 Addition on Corrosion Behavior of 445J2 Ferritic Stainless Steel in NaCl Solution

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.289

Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (4): 1197-1206 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.289

Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search

Effect of NaHSO₃ Addition on Corrosion Behavior of 445J2 Ferritic Stainless Steel in NaCl Solution

ZHANG Jingjing¹, ZHANG Zhen²(

), ZHAO Zhanyong², BAI Peikang², ZHOU Jie³

^1.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Stainless Steel, Taiyuan Iron and Steel (Group) Co. Ltd., Taiyuan 030051, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
^3.CITIC Metal Ningbo Energy Co. Ltd., Ningbo 315800, China

Cite this article:

ZHANG Jingjing, ZHANG Zhen, ZHAO Zhanyong, BAI Peikang, ZHOU Jie. Effect of NaHSO₃ Addition on Corrosion Behavior of 445J2 Ferritic Stainless Steel in NaCl Solution. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(4): 1197-1206.

Download:

HTML

PDF(7284KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

The effect of NaHSO₃ addition on the corrosion behavior of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel in NaCl solution was studied by means of potentiodynamic polarization curve measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrochemical noise (EN), and Motta-Schottky (M-S) testing, combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and corrosion morphology observation. The results showed that after adding 0.05 mol/L NaHSO₃ to a 0.62 mol/L NaCl solution, the corrosion potential measured by polarization curve of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel decreased, the corrosion current density increased, the charge transfer resistance decreased, and the corrosion resistance sharply decreased. At the same time, many low amplitudes long-life current transient appeared in the EN time-domain signal. After adding NaHSO₃, the point defects concentration of the passive film on the surface of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel increased, and the composition also changed, showing a significant Fe²⁺ peak and a decrease in the O^2-/OH^- ratio in XPS detection results. Based on the above results, the influence mechanism of NaHSO₃ addition on the deterioration of passive film and corrosion resistance of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel was discussed from two aspects: the acidification of the solution and the reduction of SO $3 2 -$ by the generation of H⁺and SO $3 2 -$ by HSO $3 -$ electrolysis.

Key words: ferritic stainless steel corrosion behavior sodium bisulfite passive film

Received: 11 September 2025 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.289

ZTFLH:

TG174

Fund: Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(20210302124042);CITIC Metal CBMM R&D Niobium Technology Cooperation Project(D204/M2273-2025)

Corresponding Authors: ZHANG Zhen, E-mail: zzhang14s@alum.imr.ac.cn

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	（）
	Articles by authors
	ZHANG Jingjing
	ZHANG Zhen
	ZHAO Zhanyong
	BAI Peikang
	ZHOU Jie

URL:

https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.289 OR https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y2026/V46/I4/1197

Fig.1 SEM low-magnification (a), high-magnification morphology, and EDS mapping results (b), EBSD inverse pole figure (c), grain size distribution (d), and pole figure (e) of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel after polishing

Fig.2 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel in two solutions

Table 1 Fitting results of potentiodynamic polarization curves of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel in two solutions

Fig.3 Surface SEM morphology of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel after potentiodynamic polarization testing in 0S (a) and 0.05S (b) solution

Fig.4 Nyquist (a) and Bode (b) plots of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel in two solutions

Fig.5 Equivalent circuit diagram fitting EIS data

Table 2 EIS data fitting results of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel in two solutions

Fig.6 EN signal (a, d) and current characteristic transient (b, c, e, f) of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel immersed in 0S (a-c) and 0.05S (d-f) solution for 24 h

Fig.7 Cumulative distribution plots of spectral noise resistance of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel in two solutions

Fig.8 M-S (a) and fitting (b) results of N_A and N_D of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel after immersion in two solutions for 24 h

Fig.9 Cr 2p (a, b) and Fe 2p (c, d) spectra of 445J2 ferritic stainless steel after immersion in 0S (a, c) and 0.05S (b, d) solutions for 24 h

Fig.10 XPS spectra of O 1s in 0S solution (a) and 0.05S solution (b), and O^2-/OH^- ratio (c) for 445J2 ferritic stainless steel after immersion in two solutions for 24 h

[1]	Chen X, Dong W B, Gu J Q. Investigation on cold-strip breakage of SUS 445J2 ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel during rolling process [J]. Baosteel Technol., 2021, (2): 48
	陈旭, 董文卜, 顾佳卿. SUS 445J2超纯铁素体不锈钢冷轧断带原因分析 [J]. 宝钢技术, 2021, (2): 48
[2]	Wang Z W, Hou L F, Du H Y, et al. Research on pitting corrosion behavior of 445J2 ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel [J]. Hot Work. Technol., 2022, 51(14): 45
	王志伟, 侯利锋, 杜华云等. 445J2超纯铁素体不锈钢的点腐蚀行为研究 [J]. 热加工工艺, 2022, 51(14): 45
[3]	Zhao W. Study on seawater desulfurization and corrosion behavior of materials used in the equipment [D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2009
	赵伟. 海水脱硫及设备用材腐蚀行为研究 [D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2009
[4]	Liu W, Li H L, Wu H X, et al. Effect of SO₂ deposition rate on the corrosion behavior of 6061-T4 aluminum alloy in simulated marine atmospheric environments [J]. Mater. Prot., 2025, 58(2): 83
	刘伟, 李洪林, 吴海旭等. SO₂沉积速率对6061-T4铝合金在模拟海洋大气环境中腐蚀行为的影响 [J]. 材料保护, 2025, 58(2): 83
[5]	Wang L Y, Wang X T, Sun H F, et al. Study of SO₂ influence on metal corrosion in atmospheric environment [J]. Equip. Environ. Eng., 2011, 8(2): 62
	王丽媛, 王秀通, 孙好芬等. 大气环境中SO₂影响金属腐蚀的研究进展 [J]. 装备环境工程, 2011, 8(2): 62
[6]	Chen H, Fan Z B, Chen Z J, et al. Effect of Cl^- and HSO 3 - on corrosion behavior of 439 stainless steel used in construction [J]. J. Chin. Soc. Corros. Prot., 2022, 42: 493
	陈昊, 樊志彬, 陈志坚等. Cl^-与HSO 3 - 对建筑用439不锈钢腐蚀行为的影响 [J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2022, 42: 493
[7]	Zhang Z, Wang B B, Zhao Z Y, et al. Effect of chloride ion concentration on corrosion process of selective laser melted AlSi10Mg with different heat treatments studied by electrochemical noise [J]. J. Mater. Res. Technol., 2022, 16: 1597 doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.12.102
[8]	Zhang Z, Wu X Q, Tan J B. Laboratory-scale identification of corrosion mechanisms by a pattern recognition system based on electrochemical noise measurements [J]. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2019, 166: C284 doi: 10.1149/2.0761912jes
[9]	Gao R Z, Yang S F, Chen C Y, et al. New strategies for suppressing localized corrosion induced by inclusions: A case study of rare earth Y-treated oil casing steel [J]. Corros. Sci., 2025, 252: 112969 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.112969
[10]	Hu J Z, Ren Y, Zhang J, et al. Review on pitting corrosion of steel induced by MnS inclusions [J]. China Metall., 2022, 32(11): 18
	胡锦榛, 任英, 张继等. MnS夹杂物诱发钢材点蚀综述 [J]. 中国冶金, 2022, 32(11): 18 doi: 10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1006-9356.20220425
[11]	Tan X, Jiang Y M, Chen Y Q, et al. Roles of different components of complex inclusion in pitting of 321 stainless steel: Induction effect of CaS and inhibition effect of TiN [J]. Corros. Sci., 2022, 209: 110692 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2022.110692
[12]	Zhang Z, Li X F, Yi H, et al. Clarify the role of Nb alloying on passive film and corrosion behavior of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion [J]. Corros. Sci., 2023, 224: 111510 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111510
[13]	Bautista A, González-Centeno A, Blanco G, et al. Application of EIS to the study of corrosion behaviour of sintered ferritic stainless steels before and after high-temperature exposure [J]. Mater.  Character., 2008, 59: 32
[14]	Soltis J. Passivity breakdown, pit initiation and propagation of pits in metallic materials-Review [J]. Corros. Sci., 2015, 90: 5 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.10.006
[15]	Homborg A M, Cottis R A, Mol J M C. An integrated approach in the time, frequency and time-frequency domain for the identification of corrosion using electrochemical noise [J]. Electrochim. Acta, 2016, 222: 627 doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.11.018
[16]	Zhang Z, Wu X Q, Tan J B. Review of electrochemical noise technique for in situ monitoring of stress corrosion cracking [J]. J. Chin. Soc. Corros. Prot., 2020, 40: 223
	张震, 吴欣强, 谭季波. 电化学噪声原位监测应力腐蚀开裂的研究现状与进展 [J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40: 223
[17]	Homborg A M, Tinga T, Zhang X, et al. Transient analysis through Hilbert spectra of electrochemical noise signals for the identification of localized corrosion of stainless steel [J]. Electrochim. Acta, 2013, 104: 84 doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.085
[18]	Xia D H, Song S Z, Behnamian Y, et al. Review—Electrochemical noise applied in corrosion science: Theoretical and mathematical models towards quantitative analysis [J]. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2020, 167: 081507
[19]	Zhao Q C, Pan Z M, Wang X F, et al. Corrosion and passive behavior of Al _x CrFeNi₃ _-x (x = 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) eutectic high entropy alloys in chloride environment [J]. Corros. Sci., 2022, 208: 110666 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2022.110666
[20]	Wen X, Cui X F, Jin G, et al. Corrosion and tribo-corrosion behaviors of nano-lamellar Ni1.5CrCoFe0.5Mo0.1Nb _x eutectic high-entropy alloy coatings: The role of dual-phase microstructure [J]. Corros. Sci., 2022, 201: 110305 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2022.110305
[21]	Liu C T, Wu J K. Influence of pH on the passivation behavior of 254SMO stainless steel in 3.5%NaCl solution [J]. Corros. Sci., 2007, 49: 2198 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2006.10.032
[22]	Luo H, Zou S W, Chen Y H, et al. Influence of carbon on the corrosion behaviour of interstitial equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloys in a chlorinated concrete solution [J]. Corros. Sci., 2020, 163: 108287 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2019.108287
[23]	Lai W Y, Zhao W Z, Yin Z F, et al. EIS and XPS studies on passive film of AISI 304 stainless steel in dilute sulfuric acid solution [J]. Surf. Interface Anal., 2012, 44: 418 doi: 10.1002/sia.v44.4
[24]	Wang X Z, Hu Q, Zhang L H, et al. The influence of Nb addition on the passivity of CoCrNiNb _x multi-principal element alloys [J]. J. Electroanal. Chem., 2022, 908: 16107
[25]	Cheng H X, Luo H, Wang X F, et al. Electrochemical corrosion and passive behavior of a new high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel in chloride environment [J]. Mater. Chem. Phys., 2022, 292: 126837 doi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2022.126837
[26]	Wang M T, Wang L W, Yang W D, et al. Study on the roles of bisulfite in the stress corrosion cracking of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy in the thin electrolyte layer environment [J]. Corros. Sci., 2023, 215: 111030 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111030
[27]	Kocijan A, Donik Č, Jenko M. Electrochemical and XPS studies of the passive film formed on stainless steels in borate buffer and chloride solutions [J]. Corros. Sci., 2007, 49: 2083 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2006.11.001
[28]	Li D G, Chen D R, Feng Y R, et al. Investigation on the composition and semi-conductive property of the passive film on 22Cr duplex stainless steel [J]. Acta Chim. Sin., 2008, 66: 2329
	李党国, 陈大融, 冯耀荣等. 22Cr双相不锈钢钝化膜组成及其半导体性能研究 [J]. 化学学报, 2008, 66: 2329
[29]	Pujar M G, Anita T, Shaikh H, et al. Use of electrochemical noise (EN) technique to study the effect of sulfate and chloride Ions on passivation and pitting corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel [J]. J.  Mater.  Eng.  Perform., 2007, 16: 494

[1]	HUANG Tao, ZHU Yu, DENG Yu, WANG Qishan, TIAN Yichen, CHEN Xu. Effect of Hydrogen on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior in 3.5%NaCl Solution of X65 Steel and Its Weld Zone[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(4): 1107-1116.
[2]	YANG Xin, CHE Xin, LU Yuzhang, HUANG Yaqi, WANG Dong, SHEN Jian. Hot Corrosion Behavior of a Low-Re Second-generation Single Crystal Superalloy[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(4): 1159-1168.
[3]	ZHOU Weilong, GUO Yubing, HU Mengru, SHEN Kaijie, YANG Zhenghuan, XIE Linjun. Effect of Sodium Phosphate Concentration on Corrosion Resistance of 40Cr Steel[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(4): 1185-1196.
[4]	LI Zili, WANG Xinji, TIAN Chunyang, YE Peicong, LIU Haiqiao, HE Chenggang, LIU Jihua. Influence of NaCl Temperature and Content on Corrosion Behavior of Heat Treated Rail Steel[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(4): 1279-1288.
[5]	LI Yongkun, ZHOU Jiashun, WANG Youbin, GAO Feng, WANG Xinpeng, TANG Hongqun. Influence of Corrosion Products on Corrosion Behavior of Cut Edges of Galvanized Coatings/Q235 Carbon Steel[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(3): 703-716.
[6]	ZHAO Mifeng, HU Fangting, LIU Yanming, SONG Wenwen, XIE Junfeng, LV Xianghong, DAI Pan, HU Hangbo. Evolution of Corrosion Products Film and Corrosion Behavior of C110 Steel Under High-temperature and High-pressure O₂-CO₂ Atmosphere in a Simulated Drilling Fluid with High Mineral Content and High Concentration of Ca²⁺[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(3): 821-832.
[7]	FENG Chenxu, CUI Tengfei, XU Lu, ZHANG Xinyu, CUI Zhongyu. Corrosion Behavior of A588 Weathering Steel in Extremely Cold Atmospheric Environments[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(3): 875-882.
[8]	HE Jia, LI Huan, QIN Shijun, LU Wei, WANG Weihua, CHU Delin. Corrosion Behavior of an Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel in Flowing Molten Li-Pb Alloy for Long-term[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(3): 911-918.
[9]	CHEN Xu, YANG Hao, TIAN Yichen, ZHANG Guoqing, SONG Bo, WANG Qishan, XIAO Chengcan. Initial Corrosion Behavior of D36 Steel in Simulated Marine Environments[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 549-557.
[10]	YAN Jiancheng, FENG Xiangdong, LU Deyong, LI Jin, MENG Pengjun, LOU Baohui, GUO Jian, LI Zhengtao, ZHU Zhengwang. Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Cu-Zn Based High Entropy Alloy in an Artificial Hard Water[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 601-610.
[11]	WANG Yichu, LIU Tianlong, ZHANG Siqian, ZHAO Li, LUO Zhichao, ZHENG Kaihong. Hot Corrosion Behavior of High-Mn Austenitic Heat-resistant Steel Containing V and W in Molten Sodium Sulfate in Air at 900 ℃[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 620-628.
[12]	DAI Nianwei, DOU Xinyi, LIU Huajian, LENG Bin. Research Progress on Corrosion of Additively Manufactured Alloys Applied in Nuclear Energy Field[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 15-24.
[13]	YI Junda, LENG Ao, GONG Delun, WEI Boxin. Microstructureand Properties of Low Modulus Corrosion-resistant Metastable β-Ti Alloy Prepared by Electron Beam Melting[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 49-59.
[14]	SU Baoxian, GAO Ruxin, ZHU Guoqiang, JIANG Botao, WANG Binbin, LIU Chen, YU Yongsheng, WANG Liang, SU Yanqing. Effects of Post Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 81-91.
[15]	GU Qingyu, SONG Yanfei, ZHANG Liangliang, WANG Nan, LEI Xiaowei. Passivation and Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Laser Directed Energy Deposited 17-4PH Stainless Steel[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 103-114.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed