燃气轮机用动叶的组织退化及涂层修复研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.166

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (2): 461-470 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.166 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.166

研究报告

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燃气轮机用动叶的组织退化及涂层修复研究

王峰¹, 蒋一鸣²^,³, 张彩云²^,⁴, 李帅², 鲍泽斌²^,³(

)

^1.中国航发航空科技股份有限公司成都 610041
^2.中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016
^3.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016
^4.东北大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110819

Search Insight Microstructure Degradation of Single Crystal Alloy and Coating for Gas Turbine Rotor Blades and Restoration of Coating

WANG Feng¹, JIANG Yiming²^,³, ZHANG Caiyun²^,⁴, LI Shuai², BAO Zebin²^,³(

)

^1.AECC Aero Science and Technololgy Co. Ltd. , Chengdu 610041, China
^2.Shi -Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
^4.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

引用本文:

王峰, 蒋一鸣, 张彩云, 李帅, 鲍泽斌. 燃气轮机用动叶的组织退化及涂层修复研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 461-470.
Feng WANG, Yiming JIANG, Caiyun ZHANG, Shuai LI, Zebin BAO. Search Insight Microstructure Degradation of Single Crystal Alloy and Coating for Gas Turbine Rotor Blades and Restoration of Coating[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(2): 461-470.

全文: PDF(19726 KB) HTML

摘要:

分析了某燃气轮机的一级单晶动叶在30000 h服役后的表面涂层退化和基体筏化程度，开展了对应的涂层修复工艺研究工作。首先，观察了叶片不同部位涂层组织，发现该叶片表面为Pt改性铝化物涂层，服役后出现微观裂纹、Al损耗及内氧化现象，裂纹贯穿至高温合金基体，榫头及叶根处不存在任何涂层；除部分裂纹外，该Pt改性铝化物涂层长期服役过程中呈现出良好的综合性能。对叶片各部位的单晶基体进行观察，结果表明筏化主要存在于叶身尾端及中心位置，筏化程度也因各部位服役条件差异存在不同，尾端受到热冲击的作用，出现明显的筏化现象。在进行化学去除、喷砂、电镀Pt、真空退火和气相渗铝后，获得了表面富铝的单相Pt改性铝化物涂层，未观察到截面微观裂纹以及内氧化现象，叶片涂层得到修复。

关键词 ：一级动叶, 镍基单晶高温合金, Pt改性铝化物涂层, 蠕变筏化, 涂层再修复

Abstract：

The microstructure degradation of coating and substrate single crystal superalloy of a gas turbine first-stage rotor blade after service for more than 30,000 h was characterized, especially the rafting degree at various locations of the substrate alloy., Then the corresponding coating removal and refurbishment processes were conducted to restore the Pt modified aluminide for the blades. It was found firstly that the original coating for the blade is composed of a single-phase Pt modified aluminide, after service, on which micro-cracks, Al-depletion, and internal oxidation were identified. Some cracks were even penetrating onto the nickel-based superalloy, however, there was no coating on the tenon and root of the blade. In general, the Pt modified aluminide coating presents great overall performance after the long-term service, except the appearance of cracks. Subsequently, the microstructure rafting of substrate alloy was commonly observed at the tail end and center of the blade body due to the differences of service conditions, resulting in varying degrees of rafting. After successive processes of stripping, sandblasting, electroplating, annealing and aluminizing, an Al-rich Pt modified aluminide coating on the bade was restored once again. As indicated by cross-section view, there were no micro-cracks or internal oxidation inside the coating, which confirmed a successful restoration of Pt-modified aluminide coating for the blades.

Key words： first-stage rotor blade nickel-based single crystal superalloy Pt-modified aluminide coating creep rafting coating reparation

收稿日期: 2025-06-03 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.166

ZTFLH:

TG172

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52301116);国家自然科学基金(51671202)

通讯作者: 鲍泽斌，E-mail：zbbao@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为高性能高温防护涂层

作者简介: 王峰，男，1980年生，工程师

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.166 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I2/461

图1 服役后的PWA1483单晶高温合金叶片微观组织的背散射电子模式(BSE)图像

图2 叶片退化分析的解剖位置示意图

图3 叶片两种表面裂纹的典型截面形貌BSE图

图4 叶片A截面各部位的涂层SEM图

表1 图4a中相应区域成分分析 (mass fraction / %)

图5 叶片B截面各部位的涂层SEM图

图6 叶片C截面各部位的涂层SEM图

图7 叶片D截面各部位的涂层SEM图

图8 叶片A截面和B截面合金基体的SEM图

图9 叶片C截面和D截面合金基体的SEM图

图10 叶片B截面的修复后的涂层SEM图

图11 涂层修复前后的叶片表面形貌

图12 涂层修复机理图

表3 图10a中相应区域成分分析

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