Please wait a minute...
Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection  2026, Vol. 46 Issue (3): 911-918    DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.209
Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Corrosion Behavior of an Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel in Flowing Molten Li-Pb Alloy for Long-term
HE Jia1, LI Huan1, QIN Shijun2(), LU Wei1, WANG Weihua1, CHU Delin1()
1.Institutes of Physical Sciences and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
2.Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
Cite this article: 

HE Jia, LI Huan, QIN Shijun, LU Wei, WANG Weihua, CHU Delin. Corrosion Behavior of an Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel in Flowing Molten Li-Pb Alloy for Long-term. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(3): 911-918.

Download:  HTML  PDF(12212KB) 
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
Abstract  

Liquid lithium-lead, as a key functional material for nuclear fusion reactor cladding, offers advantages such as high tritium breeding ratio, strong heat transfer and thermal mass capacity, and excellent flow stability. Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel serves as a candidate structural material for novel liquid cladding in fusion reactors. During decades of service in fusion reactors, corrosion between ODS steel and high-temperature liquid lithium-lead is unavoidable. The resulting degradation of material properties could potentially lead to equipment failure. Therefore, it is essential to conduct research on the corrosion compatibility between ODS steel and high-temperature liquid lithium-lead. This study employed a self-developed liquid metal rotating corrosion apparatus to conduct corrosion tests on powder metallurgy oxide dispersion strengthened steel in molten lithium-lead at 500 ℃. Tests were performed at 2000, 4000, and 6000 h. Changes in microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and depth-sensitive indentation (DSI) techniques. The results indicate that the weight loss rate of ODS steel increases with time, while its mechanical properties decline over time. The corrosion process of ODS steel in high-temperature liquid Li-Pb primarily involves the dissolution and diffusion of metallic elements such as Fe and Cr, progressing through three distinct stages: intergranular erosion during the initial latent period, dissolution of the passivation layer in the second stage, and dissolution of the matrix in the third stage. The research findings provide important reference for evaluating the service performance of ODS steel in liquid lithium-lead environments.

Key words:  ODS steel      liquid Li-Pb      corrosion behavior      mechanical property      blanket     
Received:  01 July 2025      32134.14.1005.4537.2025.209
ZTFLH:  TG172.6  
Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(12275001)
Corresponding Authors:  CHU Delin, E-mail: dlchu@ahu.edu.cn;
QIN Shijun, E-mail: sjqin@ipp.ac.cn

URL: 

https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.209     OR     https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y2026/V46/I3/911

Fig.1  Diagram of corrosion set 1- control system, 2-corrosion tank, 3-melting furnace, 4- cooling system
Fig.2  Sample holder and sample assembly
Fig.3  Mass loss and corrosion rate of powder metallurgy ODS steel vs. corrosion time
Fig.4  XRD pattern of powder metallurgy ODS steel after different corrosion times
Fig.5  Surface morphologies of powder metallurgical ODS steel after different corrosion times: (a) 2000 h, (b) 4000 h, (c) 6000 h
Fig.6  SEM image and elements mapping of powder metallurgy ODS steel surface after corrosion for 2000 h
Fig.7  Surface morphology and EDS line scan results of powder metallurgy ODS steel after corrosion for 2000 h
Fig.8  Cross-sectional morphologies of powder metallurgy ODS steel after corrosion for 2000 h (a), 4000 h (b) and 6000 h (c)
Fig.9  Cross-sectional line scan results of powder metallurgy ODS steel after corrosion for 2000 (a), 4000 (b) and 6000 h (c) respectively
Fig.10  Nanoindentation test results of powder metallurgy ODS steel before and after corrosion for different time: (a) load-indentation curve, (b) hardness variation
Fig.11  Schematic diagram of the corrosion process of ODS steel in liquid Li-Pb: (a) initial latent period grain boundary erosion, (b) dissolution of passivation layer, (c) dissolution of substrate
[1] Liu C X, Mao C L, Cui L, et al. Recent progress in microstructural control and Solid-State Welding of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2021, 57: 1521
doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00348
刘晨曦, 毛春亮, 崔 雷 等. 低活化铁素体/马氏体钢组织调控及其固相连接研究进展 [J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57: 1521
doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00348
[2] Yang S N. Study on properties and microestructure of 11Cr2W0.15Ta reduced activation ferritic-martensitic steel [D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2014
杨世能. 11Cr2W0.15Ta低活化铁素体/马氏体钢的性能与组织研究 [D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2014
[3] Fu Z D. Research on new sintering aid system for silicon carbide ceramics [D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2021
付振东. 碳化硅陶瓷新型烧结助剂体系研究 [D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2021
[4] Wu C. Preparation and performance study of dispersion strengthening vanadium alloys [D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2013
伍 聪. 弥散强化钒合金的制备及性能研究 [D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2013
[5] Guan Q. Study of low activation vanadium alloys prepared by mechanical alloying [D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2012
关 巧. 机械合金化制备低活化钒合金的研究 [D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2012
[6] Chen J M, Muroga T, Xu Z Y, et al. Alloying design for fusion application vanadium alloys based on hydrogen embrittlement resistance [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2002, 38: 839
doi: 10.1007/s40195-025-01854-w
谌继明, 室贺健夫, 许增裕 等. 聚变应用钒合金抗氢脆性能的合金化设计 [J]. 金属学报, 2002, 38: 839
[7] Li S F, Zhou Z J, Wang P H, et al. Long-term thermal-aging stability of a 16Cr-oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steel at 973 K [J]. Mater. Des., 2016, 90: 318
doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.10.138
[8] Mao X D, Kim T K, Kim S S, et al. Thermal stability of oxide particles in 12Cr ODS steel [J]. J. Nucl. Mater., 2012, 428: 82
doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.09.011
[9] Wang Y. Design and fabrication of new silicon-containing oxide dispersive strengthened steel and research on its corrosion mechanisms in typical coolant of advanced nuclear reactor [D]. Beijing: University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2024
王 优. 新型含硅ODS钢的设计制备及其在先进反应堆典型冷却介质中的腐蚀机理研究 [D]. 北京: 北京科技大学, 2024
[10] Ribis J, Lozano-Perez S. Nano-cluster stability following neutron irradiation in MA957 oxide dispersion strengthened material [J]. J. Nucl. Mater., 2014, 444: 314
doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.010
[11] Oka H, Watanabe M, Kinoshita H, et al. In situ observation of damage structure in ODS austenitic steel during electron irradiation [J]. J. Nucl. Mater., 2011, 417: 279
doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.156
[12] Rajulapati S K, Verma L, Pal H, et al. Effect of yttria content on microstructural evolution, mechanical properties and temperature dependent strengthening mechanisms in 9Cr-oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel developed by hot powder forging [J]. Mater. Today Commun., 2024, 40: 109661
[13] Frelek-Kozak M, Kurpaska L, Wyszkowska E, et al. Evaluation of consolidation method on mechanical and structural properties of ODS RAF steel [J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2018, 446: 215
doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.163
[14] Liu J P. Study on the preparation and performance of N-ODS steel for fusion reactor and the mechanism of toughening [D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2023
刘纪朋. 聚变堆用N-ODS钢的制备与性能及强韧化机理研究 [D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2023
[15] Zhang J R, Li Y F, Rui X, et al. Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of 9Cr-ODS steel prepared by a powder hot forging process [J]. J. Iron Steel Res., 2021, 33: 1171
doi: 10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1001-0963.20210088
张家榕, 李艳芬, 芮 祥 等. 粉末热锻制备9Cr-ODS钢的微观组织和力学性能研究 [J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2021, 33: 1171
doi: 10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1001-0963.20210088
[16] Li Y F, Abe H, Nagasaka T, et al. Corrosion behavior of 9Cr-ODS steel in stagnant liquid lithium and lead-lithium at 873 K [J]. J. Nucl. Mater., 2013, 443: 200
doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.07.026
[17] Yang C D, Xu Y W, Yun D, et al. Early corrosion behavior of low carbon 9Cr-ODS steel in high temperature oxygen-saturated lead-bismuth eutectic [J]. Corros. Sci., 2024, 236: 112285
doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2024.112285
[18] Unocic K A, Hoelzer D T. Evaluation of Pb-17Li compatibility of ODS Fe-12Cr-5Al alloys [J]. J. Nucl. Mater., 2016, 479: 357
doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.017
[19] Chakraborty P, Kain V, Pradhan P K, et al. Corrosion of Indian RAFMS in Pb-17Li in a rotating disc corrosion test facility at 773K [J]. Fusion Eng. Des., 2015, 100: 181
doi: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.05.053
[20] Jiang H Y. Study on corrosion experiment and behavior of fusion reactor materials with high temperature liquid working medium [D]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2023
江海燕. 聚变堆材料与高温液态工作介质腐蚀实验及行为研究 [D]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2023
[21] Glasbrenner H, Konys J, Röhrig H D, et al. Corrosion of ferritic-martensitic steels in the eutectic Pb-17Li [J]. J. Nucl. Mater., 2000, 283-287: 1332
doi: 10.1016/S0022-3115(00)00322-6
[22] Zhang X Y, Li C, Wang Y X, et al. Research progress on liquid metal corrosion behavior of structural steels for Lead Fast Reactor [J]. J. Chin. Soc. Corros. Prot., 2023, 43: 1216
张心怡, 李 聪, 汪禹熙 等. 铅基堆结构材料液态金属腐蚀行为的研究进展 [J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2023, 43: 1216
doi: 10.11902/1005.4537.2022.338
[23] Glasbrenner H, Konys J, Voß Z. Corrosion behaviour of low activation steels in flowing Pb-17Li [J]. J. Nucl. Mater., 2000, 281: 225
doi: 10.1016/S0022-3115(00)00186-0
[24] Qiu G X, Wei X L, Bai C, et al. Inclusion and mechanical properties of ODS-RAFM steels with Y, Ti, and Zr fabricated by melting [J]. Nucl. Eng. Technol., 2022, 54: 2376
doi: 10.1016/j.net.2022.01.030
[25] Chen Y X, Zhang F F, Yan Q Z, et al. Microstructure characteristics of 12Cr ferritic/martensitic steels with various yttrium additions [J]. J. Rare Earths, 2019, 37: 547
doi: 10.1016/j.jre.2018.08.013
[1] LI Yongkun, ZHOU Jiashun, WANG Youbin, GAO Feng, WANG Xinpeng, TANG Hongqun. Influence of Corrosion Products on Corrosion Behavior of Cut Edges of Galvanized Coatings/Q235 Carbon Steel[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(3): 703-716.
[2] ZHAO Mifeng, HU Fangting, LIU Yanming, SONG Wenwen, XIE Junfeng, LV Xianghong, DAI Pan, HU Hangbo. Evolution of Corrosion Products Film and Corrosion Behavior of C110 Steel Under High-temperature and High-pressure O2-CO2 Atmosphere in a Simulated Drilling Fluid with High Mineral Content and High Concentration of Ca2+[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(3): 821-832.
[3] FENG Chenxu, CUI Tengfei, XU Lu, ZHANG Xinyu, CUI Zhongyu. Corrosion Behavior of A588 Weathering Steel in Extremely Cold Atmospheric Environments[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(3): 875-882.
[4] CHEN Xu, YANG Hao, TIAN Yichen, ZHANG Guoqing, SONG Bo, WANG Qishan, XIAO Chengcan. Initial Corrosion Behavior of D36 Steel in Simulated Marine Environments[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 549-557.
[5] DU Qian, MA Zelin, YUN Di, GU Long, GUO Shaoqiang. Effect of Fe-ion Irradiation on Corrosion Behavior of ODS Steels in Oxygen-saturated Molten Lead[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 567-575.
[6] WANG Yichu, LIU Tianlong, ZHANG Siqian, ZHAO Li, LUO Zhichao, ZHENG Kaihong. Hot Corrosion Behavior of High-Mn Austenitic Heat-resistant Steel Containing V and W in Molten Sodium Sulfate in Air at 900 ℃[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 620-628.
[7] DAI Nianwei, DOU Xinyi, LIU Huajian, LENG Bin. Research Progress on Corrosion of Additively Manufactured Alloys Applied in Nuclear Energy Field[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 15-24.
[8] SU Baoxian, GAO Ruxin, ZHU Guoqiang, JIANG Botao, WANG Binbin, LIU Chen, YU Yongsheng, WANG Liang, SU Yanqing. Effects of Post Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 81-91.
[9] YANG Xiaowen, CHEN Zehao, YANG Shasha, WANG Qunchang, WANG Jinlong, CHEN Minghui, WANG Fuhui. Short-term Hot Corrosion Behavior of Nickel-based Single Crystal Superalloy N5 and its Nanocrystalline Coating[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 252-260.
[10] SUN Xinlei, CAO Jingyi, YIN Wenchang, FANG Zhigang, WANG Feng, WANG Xingqi, YANG Yange. Failure Behavior of Vinyl Ester Composites in High Temperature and High Humidity Environments[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(6): 1679-1688.
[11] CAI Ketao, JI Lei, ZHANG Zhen, FENG Qiang, DENG Weilin, LAN Guihong, HE Sha, ZHAO Zhanyong, BAI Peikang. Corrosion Behavior of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy in NaCl and Na2SO4 Solutions[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(5): 1289-1299.
[12] GU Songlun, ZHANG Fan, HUANG Guosheng, JIANG Dan, DONG Guojun. Corrosion Behavior of Cold Spray Cu-Ti Pseudo Alloy as Anti-fouling Material in Natural Seawater[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(5): 1309-1319.
[13] FAN Shilin, DU Juan, YANG Shaodan, ZHOU Yanjun, SONG Kexing, ZHANG Guoshang, YUE Pengfei, YANG Ran, WANG Xiaojun. Corrosion Behavior of Cu-15Ni-8Sn Alloy in 3.5%NaCl Solution Containing S2-[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(5): 1408-1416.
[14] DUAN Jingmin, DONG Yong, MIAO Dongmei, YANG Yujing, MAO Lingbo, ZHANG Zhengrong. Corrosion Behavior in Different Media and Mechanical Properties of Al0.5CoCrFeNi High-entropy Alloy After Heat Treatment[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(4): 983-994.
[15] ZHANG Shanshan, LIU Yuancai, XU Tiewei, YANG Fazhan. Effect of Build-up Direction and Annealing on Corrosion Properties of Selected Laser Melting Ti6Al4V Alloy[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(4): 995-1004.
No Suggested Reading articles found!