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Abstract The critical conditions and the kinetics of pitting initiation in austenitic stainless steels in chloride solutions have been studied by the method of electrochemistry.The relationship between the critical potential and the concentraion of chloride ion,temperature as well as the content of molybdneum is obtained. The rate of pitting initiation follows she equation: Ⅰ/t=Aexp (-Ea/RT) [C1~-]~α [SO_4~(-2)]~β.It is shown by Electron Microprobe analysis that the chloride ions locally concentrate on the film.A critical nucleus model for pitting initiation has been put forward, by whieh the following could be explained: (1)the existance and nature of critical conditions, (2)localized attack of chloride ions on passive film, (3)the repassivating of pits and the critical size of repassivated pits,(4) the sites susceptible to pitting initiation, (5)the effect of inhibiting anions and (6)the physical meaning of induction period.
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Received: 25 April 1986
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