本文对MIC的各种检测技术和已有的预测模型进行系统综述，旨在总结现有MIC检测手段的优劣势，分析各类MIC预测模型的优势与不足，为选择MIC检测手段和预测模型提供指导。本文有助于工业界和学术界更好地认识当前MIC检测技术和预测模型的研究状况，为开发MIC的检测与控制技术提供参考。
1 MIC的检测方法
1.1 电化学检测法
图1
1.2 生物分析法
MIC的特点是微生物群落与金属材料之间的复杂相互作用，准确分析微生物群落的组成对于理解MIC的发生机制至关重要。微生物群落不仅在种类上多种多样，而且在不同的环境条件下展现出不同的生态功能，即通过特定的代谢途径影响金属材料的腐蚀过程[5,24,25]。因此，需要对每个特定环境的微生物群落进行详细分析，以便为MIC控制提供针对性的策略。生物分析法是通过分析样品中微生物的种类、数量和代谢活性来表征MIC过程。这类方法主要包括基因组学分析和代谢组学分析。基因组学分析如PCR和基因测序，可以识别样品中的微生物类型，定量分析不同微生物的相对丰度，为判断MIC相关微生物提供依据。代谢组学通过色谱-质谱等技术分析样品中的化学成分，可以揭示微生物群落的代谢通路和活性[26~29]。本研究团队采用高通量测序法分析了天然海水中硝酸盐添加对EH40钢试样表面腐蚀产物内微生物群落结构的差异。研究发现，在所有海水体系中，EH40钢表面微生物群落丰度最高的属为Cupriavidus，其次是Pelomonas，这两个属的细菌可进行有氧呼吸。在未添加硝酸盐的海水中，试样表面微生物群落结构中的硝酸盐还原菌属主要是Ralstonia和Sulfurimonas。添加0.1和1 mmol/L硝酸盐后，硝酸盐还原菌的优势菌属不变。当添加量为10 mmol/L硝酸盐时，除了Ralstonia和Sulfurimonas外，优势菌属中还出现了Thiomicrospira属。进一步增加添加量至100 mmol/L硝酸盐时，硝酸盐还原菌属主要是Ralstonia、Thiomicrospira和Pseudomonas。硝酸盐的添加不仅导致了硝酸盐还原菌属的变化，还影响其丰度(见图2)[30]。
图2
1.3 辐射检测法
辐射检测技术通过利用X射线、紫外线等电磁辐射的吸收、衍射、荧光等效应来分析样品的化学组成和结构。常用技术包括X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、能量色散谱(EDS)、Raman光谱和紫外可见光谱分析(UV-vis)。XRD可用于评估样品的晶体结构和化学组成，揭示不同环境下的相变和成分信息，为腐蚀机理和速率提供证据。XPS可分析样品表面薄层的化学状态及相对组成，评价微生物诱导的表面化学变化。EDS可用于比较基本元素组成，识别腐蚀沉积物，结合电子显微镜评估微生物学影响。Raman光谱和UV-vis可用于表征无机腐蚀产物和有机物细胞外聚合物的组成[33~36]。刘宏芳研究团队[37]在研究SRB对富集人工海水中2205不锈钢和X52碳钢之间电化学腐蚀的研究中，采用XPS技术研究了去除生物膜后2205钝化层。研究表明，在无菌和SRB培养基中，2205不锈钢和X52碳钢耦合后，表面O2-/OH-和Fe3+/Fe2+的比率均有所下降。O2-和Fe3+含量的减少可能是由于Fe(III)氧化物的减少造成(见图3)。
图3
1.4 显微技术
显微技术的共同原理是通过各种显微仪器直接观察样品的形貌、组织结构、微生物分布等信息，从而直接观察样品表面变化、生物膜形成及微生物分布情况，对MIC过程进行表征。常用的显微镜技术包括扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和共聚焦扫描激光显微镜(CLSM)。SEM可快速获得高分辨率的金属基体微观形态图像，直接观察识别微生物活性对腐蚀的影响，但可能会对脆弱的生物样本完整性造成一定损伤。AFM是一种灵敏的表面形貌和力学性质定量分析技术，可精确评估异质性生物膜对金属基体的粘附力大小和腐蚀缺陷尺寸，但其取样和分析范围较小。光学显微镜操作简便快速，可用于现场直接评估腐蚀表面情况，但分辨率较低，获得的信息不够明确直接。CLSM可非破坏性地获得生物膜三维结构和腐蚀微观形貌的深度信息，但需要复杂的样本制备过程和较高的操作技术[41~47]。
1.5 生物传感法
生物传感器是一门由化学、物理学、生物学、材料学等交叉形成的一门学科，是介于信息学和生物技术之间新的研究热点，具有特异性高，灵敏度高，分析速度快，准确度高，成本低廉等优点，在食品检测、生态环境科学、医药科学等领域发挥了不容忽视的作用。本研究团队针对微生物腐蚀检测的难题，开发了一系列针对微生物体系的生物传感方法。首先，从微生物特异性识别角度出发，针对不同应用场景开发了针对腐蚀微生物的快速传感方法，揭示了其对腐蚀微生物细胞结构、代谢活性和遗传序列的识别模式和作用机制，实现了典型腐蚀微生物的快速检测[49~52]。此外，针对材料表面生物膜内腐蚀微生物的代谢活性难以测定的难题，开发了适用于生物膜体系的腐蚀微生物活性的生物传感方法。具体内容包括：开发了高柔韧性全固态离子选择性微探针，采用热力学驱动的电位测试模式，通过引入石墨烯固态转换层，实现了对活性分子识别过程的界面离子/电子快速转换，摆脱了内充液对电极基底尺寸和韧性的束缚；开发了基于MOF靶向裂解及酶释放的便携式活性试纸条，建立了靶标分子浓度与体系颜色/扩散性的密切关联，实现了生物膜内靶标分子的可视化测定(见图4)[53~56]。
图4
生物传感技术作为一种先进的分析工具，在微生物活动和环境参数的原位监测方面展现出显著的效能，能够精确捕捉生物膜内微生物代谢活动和腐蚀过程的动态变化。生物传感技术能够提供较高的空间分辨率，这对于理解微生物群落内部结构和功能分布至关重要。尽管目前可以用于生物膜微环境检测的生物传感器仍然较少，需要针对不同应用场景开发特定的传感器，该技术实现过程较为复杂，需要对构建和测试过程不断优化。但凭借其高特异性、高灵敏度、快速分析、高准确度以及低成本等优势，生物传感技术的研究需求日益增长。
综合而言，电化学技术在实时监测和材料失效表征方面具有优势，但无法测试生物膜内的微环境状态，且对局部腐蚀的检测能力有限；显微技术能够提供直观的形貌信息，辐射技术在化学成分分析方面具有高信息量，但这两类方法受限于观察范围和可能对样本造成损伤，不便于开展实时观测；生物分析技术能够深入到微生物层面，但需要专业的设备和分析人员，不便于开展现场分析；生物传感技术在快速检测和成本效益方面具有显著优势，但可能需要针对特定应用进行开发。在选择MIC检测手段时，需要根据具体的研究目的、条件和成本效益比进行综合考虑，有时需要多种技术的联合应用来全面评估MIC现象。
2 MIC预测模型
2.1 基于风险评估的模型
Maxwell等[59]提出了一个基于四个因素(硫化物存在、氧气侵入、管道清理频率和老化程度)来评估SRB致腐蚀率的模型。该定性模型用一个四维的矩阵来表示这些因素的组合，每个单元格对应一个腐蚀等级。该模型的优点是能够预测MIC的可能性，缺点是不能准确地估计腐蚀进展。2012年，Sorensen等[60]提出用数学公式分三步来计算MIC的风险指数(RI)和最大腐蚀坑生成速率。第一步结合qPCR技术监测SRB，硫酸盐还原古菌(SRA)和甲烷生成菌(MET)的数量，并利用每个菌种的体积活性计算MIC风险因子。第二步计算基于上述微生物的最大腐蚀坑生成速率。最后，根据上述两项指标评估MIC风险和采取缓释措施。研究表明，在细菌混合菌落中，腐蚀速率增加。在此基础上，该团队又提出通过RT-qPCR技术区分微生物的总数量和活性数量，可以更灵敏地评估MIC风险。与仅用qPCR技术相比，该模型可以更早期预测管线MIC[61]。
此外，微生物诱导腐蚀的点蚀形成和生长过程具有随机特性，因此可以采用动态概率模型，如Markov网络，Poisson回归，Petri网和Bayesian网络等方法来预测MIC的发生[62]。在很长一段时间，基于概率学的模型被用于模拟点蚀的随机生成和生长，但这些模型均没有考虑微生物对腐蚀速率和故障概率的影响。2020年，Adumene等[63]提出了一种集成Bayesian网络-Markov方法的预测模型，特别关注了操作参数和SRB对微生物诱导腐蚀速率的影响，以及微生物诱导腐蚀速率对长期曝露管道故障可能性的影响，用于预测微生物诱导内部腐蚀速率、故障概率以及未来腐蚀坑洞深度分布，并评估其对近海系统结构完整性的影响。微生物诱导腐蚀的影响因素采用Bayesian网络表示，以捕捉其动态性、非线性依赖性和相互依赖性。根据关键腐蚀坑洞深度状态，采用Markov过程估计近海系统的故障特征和未来微生物诱导腐蚀坑洞深度分布。
基于风险评估的模型主要用来评估MIC的可能性和危害程度，而不是具体的腐蚀速率的模型，考虑了一些影响MIC的因素，如微生物的种类、数量、活性、环境条件等，但没有涉及电化学和传质过程。这类模型的优点是可以快速地对MIC的风险进行评估，为腐蚀管理和防护提供参考。它们的缺点是不能提供具体的腐蚀速率和机理，也不能考虑电化学和传质过程的影响，因此精度和适用性有限。
2.2 基于传质过程控制的模型
尽管以上模型从不同的角度构建了基于传质过程控制的模型，但均没有考虑MIC过程中生物膜的动态生长过程。2015年，Haile等[69]提出利用双基质Monod方程描述SRB的生长动力学，进而建立MIC腐蚀速率模型，该模型考虑了生物量增长、剥落和生物膜的参数，可以预测SRB附着量和腐蚀率的变化趋势。
2.3 基于电化学腐蚀机理的综合模型
该类模型综合考虑了更多的影响MIC的因素和机制，如生物膜的形成和变化、电化学和传质过程、微生物的种类、数量、活性、代谢产物等，以及环境条件的变化的模型。Gu等[70]提出了基于SRB介导的生物催化阴极硫酸盐还原理论的MIC腐蚀模型，该模型提出电活性SRB诱导的腐蚀过程是微生物的外源呼吸过程导致的，利用Butler-Volmer方程描述电荷传递限制，结合营养盐在生物膜内的传质方程，重点考虑了生物膜-金属间的反应动力学和营养物质在生物膜内的传质过程。在此基础上，又考虑了APB产生的腐蚀性有机酸对MIC的影响，使模型能够预测更高的腐蚀率[71]。Xu等[72]提出了同样基于腐蚀电化学原理的SRB和APB的协同作用MIC模型，预测了最坏情况下的MIC点蚀，通过假设存在侵蚀性生物膜，并简化了生物膜内硫酸盐的扩散和消耗过程，预测了最坏情况下MIC的点蚀速率。
不同类型的MIC预测模型各有优缺点和适用范围，没有一个模型能够完全解释和预测MIC的现象。总体而言，基于风险评估的模型主要关注于快速评估MIC的风险，其优点在于能够快速提供MIC风险的概览，但无法提供关于腐蚀速率和机理的详细信息。基于传质过程控制的模型则更进一步，考虑了微生物在金属表面的电化学作用以及与腐蚀过程相关的传质现象，能够预测腐蚀坑的形成和发展，但需要大量的参数和假设，并且可能忽略了生物膜的动态变化。基于电化学腐蚀机理的模型综合了生物膜的形成和变化、电化学和传质过程以及微生物的代谢活动等多种因素，能够提供更为准确和详细的腐蚀预测，但需要大量的参数输入和解决生物膜内微环境因子的测定问题。因此，需要根据不同的目的和条件来选择合适的模型，或者结合多种模型来提高MIC的诊断和防治的效果。未来的研究方向和建议有以下几点：(1) 发展更多的基于机理的综合模型，以综合考虑所有影响MIC的因素和机制，提供最准确和最完善的腐蚀预测和模拟。(2) 改进现有的模型的方法和技术，以提高模型的求解效率和精度，降低模型的计算量和计算时间，增加模型的稳定性和可靠性。(3) 解决生物膜内微环境因子的测定问题，获取更多的参数和数据，以描述生物膜的特性和变化。微生物腐蚀是发生在生物膜下的腐蚀过程，而由于生物膜内微环境因子测定方法的缺失，导致无法获得生物膜内微环境的变化规律，仅仅能通过推测估算生物膜内的微环境。因此，为了更好的解释微生物腐蚀机理，建立可靠的预测模型，必须要解决生物膜内微环境因子的测定问题。
3 结论
本综述系统阐述了MIC的检测技术和预测模型研究进展。MIC检测技术包括电化学、生物分析、辐射检测、显微观察和生物传感等，各技术手段优势互补，联合应用可提高MIC监测效果。MIC预测模型包括基于风险评估、传质过程和电化学机制的模型，每种模型均考虑了影响MIC的部分因素，但尚无单一模型可完全解释MIC机制。未来的MIC检测研究将聚焦于快速现场检测技术的创新，致力于构建符合现场应用要求的检测技术，以实现快速准确地进行现场监测，并评估MIC相关的风险。此外，微生物预测模型的发展趋势将转向构建基于机理的综合性模型，并通过优化关键参数提升模型的效率和准确度，增强模型的稳定性和可靠性。事实上，这两方面研究工作的推进均需解决生物膜内微环境因素的测定问题，以便更为精确的研究生物膜的特征及其演变过程。本综述对已有MIC检测和建模研究进行全面综述，有助于微生物腐蚀科学的发展，也为工业界开发MIC的检测与控制技术提供重要参考。
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Mechanistic microbiologically influenced corrosion modeling-A review
[J].At present, most Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) models used in the petroleum industry are risk based, and predict the likelihood of MIC. It is imperative that the industry adopts mechanistic models to accurately quantify MIC in pipes/facilities. This paper summarizes the findings of a literature review of mechanistic MIC models available in the public domain. The results indicated that most of the models reviewed consider Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) as the main players in MIC, and very few models consider biofllm formation and transport phenomena. Furthermore, no models were found to accurately correlate sessile and planktonic bacteria.
Influence of multispecies biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Desulfovibrio vulgaris on the corrosion of cast iron
[J].
Monitoring of anaerobic microbially influenced corrosion via electrochemical frequency modulation
[J].
SRB-biofilm influence in active corrosion sites formed at the steel-electrolyte interface when exposed to artificial seawater conditions
[J].
Oxygen-reducing biocathodes designed with pure cultures of microbial strains isolated from seawater biofilms
[J].
Interactions between steels and sulphide-producing bacteria-corrosion of carbon steels and low-alloy steels in natural seawater
[J].
Review-electrochemical noise applied in corrosion science: theoretical and mathematical models towards quantitative analysis
[J].
Corrosion behavior of copper under biofilm of sulfate-reducing bacteria
[J].
The use of electrochemical techniques for the investigation and monitoring of microbiologically influenced corrosion and its inhibition-a review
[J].
Applications of electrochemistry in corrosion science and in practice
[J].
Analysis of electrochemical noise generated by corroding electrodes under open-circuit conditions
[J].
Research progress on coatings of active control of microbiological contamination for aircraft fuel system
[J].
飞机燃油系统微生物污染主动防治涂层研究进展
[J].基于航空事业对燃油系统微生物防治的的迫切需求，针对“燃油系统内部积水带来的微生物污染”的关键问题，将生物-材料-电子进行多学科交叉融合，拟以微生物胞外电子传递这一广泛存在的生物现象为切入点，围绕“水带来的微生物污染”与“新材料涂层如何主动杀菌”的关系进行探究，旨在建立安全高效的燃油系统微生物防治策略以保障飞机安全运行，利用微生物胞外电子传递作为电子来源，成为微电池涂层抑菌和生成ROS的关键，综述如何利用金属腐蚀电化学提供“主动”抗菌功能性涂层的设计原理和重要实验指导，同时也为其他涉及燃油系统微生物防治的研究提供新思路、开拓新途径。
Effect of Desulfovibrio Bizertensis SY-1 on corrosive behavior of metal materials under cathodic polarization
[J].
Desulfovibrio Bizertensis SY-1在阴极极化条件下对X70管线钢的腐蚀行为研究
[J].研究了从浸泡在中国南海的钢铁锈层中分离的腐蚀性硫酸盐还原菌Desulfovibrio bizertensis SY-1在-0.85和-1.05 V vs. SCE阴极极化电位下对X70管线钢腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明，-0.85 V vs. SCE电位尚不能有效抑制Desulfovibrio bizertensis SY-1细胞的生长与附着，同时试片表面也检测到了特征的四方硫铁矿和针铁矿的Raman峰。-1.05 V vs. SCE阴极极化电位能够有效抑制浮游Desulfovibrio bizertensis SY-1细胞的生长和代谢过程，腐蚀产物以磁铁矿为主。失重数据也表明，在-1.05 V vs. SCE电位下试片失重与无菌条件基本一致，且在该电位下最大点蚀坑深度与无极化条件相比减少了75%。该研究为含有Desulfovibrio bizertensis SY-1环境的阴极保护电位选择和微生物与极化电位的相互作用研究提供了参考。
The study of marine corrosion of copper alloys in chlorinated condenser cooling circuits: the role of microbiological components
[J].The present paper reports the on-line monitoring of corrosion behavior of the CuNi 70:30 and Al brass alloys exposed to seawater and complementary offline microbiological analyses. An electrochemical equipment with sensors specifically set for industrial application and suitable to estimate the corrosion (by linear polarization resistance technique), the biofilm growth (by the BIOX electrochemical probe), the chlorination treatment and other physical-chemical parameters of the water has been used for the on-line monitoring. In order to identify and better characterize the bacteria community present on copper alloys, tube samples were collected after a long period (1year) and short period (2days) of exposition to treated natural seawater (TNSW) and natural seawater (NSW). From the collected samples, molecular techniques such as DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and identification by sequencing were performed to better characterize and identify the microbial biodiversity present in the samples. The monitoring data confirmed the significant role played by biofouling deposition against the passivity of these Cu alloys in seawater and the positive influence of antifouling treatments based on low level dosages. Molecular analysis indicated biodiversity with the presence of Marinobacter, Alteromonas and Pseudomonas species. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Anaerobic biodegradation of alternative fuels and associated biocorrosion of carbon steel in marine environments
[J].
Effect of biofilm on cast iron pipe corrosion in drinking water distribution system: corrosion scales characterization and microbial community structure investigation
[J].
A review of characterization and quantification tools for microbiologically influenced corrosion in the oil and gas industry: current and future trends
[J].
Impact of nitrate addition on EH40 steel corrosion in natural seawater
[J].
天然海水中硝酸盐的添加对EH40钢腐蚀的影响
[J].
Advances in the application of molecular microbiological methods in the oil and gas industry and links to microbiologically influenced corrosion
[J].
Metabolomic and high-throughput sequencing analysis-modern approach for the assessment of biodeterioration of materials from historic buildings
[J].Preservation of cultural heritage is of paramount importance worldwide. Microbial colonization of construction materials, such as wood, brick, mortar, and stone in historic buildings can lead to severe deterioration. The aim of the present study was to give modern insight into the phylogenetic diversity and activated metabolic pathways of microbial communities colonized historic objects located in the former Auschwitz II-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp in Oświecim, Poland. For this purpose we combined molecular, microscopic and chemical methods. Selected specimens were examined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), metabolomic analysis and high-throughput Illumina sequencing. FESEM imaging revealed the presence of complex microbial communities comprising diatoms, fungi and bacteria, mainly cyanobacteria and actinobacteria, on sample surfaces. Microbial diversity of brick specimens appeared higher than that of the wood and was dominated by algae and cyanobacteria, while wood was mainly colonized by fungi. DNA sequences documented the presence of 15 bacterial phyla representing 99 genera including Halomonas, Halorhodospira, Salinisphaera, Salinibacterium, Rubrobacter, Streptomyces, Arthrobacter and nine fungal classes represented by 113 genera including Cladosporium, Acremonium, Alternaria, Engyodontium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, and Aureobasidium. Most of the identified sequences were characteristic of organisms implicated in deterioration of wood and brick. Metabolomic data indicated the activation of numerous metabolic pathways, including those regulating the production of primary and secondary metabolites, for example, metabolites associated with the production of antibiotics, organic acids and deterioration of organic compounds. The study demonstrated that a combination of electron microscopy imaging with metabolomic and genomic techniques allows to link the phylogenetic information and metabolic profiles of microbial communities and to shed new light on biodeterioration processes.
The study of riboflavin-mediated indirect electron transfer process in corrosion of EH40 steel induced by Methanococcus maripaludis
[J].
Investigation on the stress corrosion cracking behavior and mechanism of 90/10 copper-nickel alloy under the cooperative effect of tensile stress and Desulfovibrio vulgaris
[J].
Effect of selected biocides on microbiologically influenced corrosion caused by Desulfovibrio ferrophilus IS5
[J].
Microbiologically influenced corrosion of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy by sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris
[J].
Effect of sulfate reducing bacteria on the galvanic corrosion behavior of X52 carbon steel and 2205 stainless steel bimetallic couple
[J].
The importance of deposit characterization in mitigating UDC and MIC in dead legs
[A].
Infrared spectroscopy in corrosion research
[A].
Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods
[J].
Corrosion of technical materials in the presence of biofilms-current understanding and state-of-the art methods of study
[J].
Single-cell level investigation of microbiologically induced degradation of passive film of stainless steel via FIB-SEM/TEM and multi-mode AFM
[J].
An atomic force microscopy study of the biodeterioration of stainless steel in the presence of bacterial biofilms
[J].
Comparison of microscope techniques for the examination of biofilms
[J].
Nanosecond pulsed laser-assisted modified copper surface structure: Enhanced surface microhardness and microbial corrosion resistance
[J].Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is an unavoidable problem in several industries. Copper (Cu) and its alloys are widely used engineering materials. However, MIC of Cu remains a persistent challenge to their performance and functional lifetime under aggressive environments. This study investigated nanosecond pulsed laser processing (LP), which may enhance the corrosion resistance of Cu. The microstructural evolution and corrosion behavior of LP-Cu in the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were evaluated. Typical deformation-induced microstructural features of high-density dislocations were analyzed on the top surface of LP-Cu coupon. Electrochemical measurements suggested that LP-Cu coupons exhibited better corrosion resistance in SRB-inoculated solution compared with their original counterpart. The enhanced corrosion resistance by LP primarily resulted from the combined influences of compressive residual stress and work hardening in the surface. However, overlap percentage played a key role in improving corrosion resistance. LP produced optimal corrosion resistance at 50% overlap. Therefore, this study introduces a unique and an option for anticorrosion control in manufacturing processes and potentially implements it onto other materials to improve its microbial corrosion resistance through LP.
Effect of fluid scouring on sulfate reducting bacteria induced corrosion of pipeline steel
[J].
流体冲刷作用对SRB的腐蚀行为影响研究
[J].采用数值仿真与实验相结合研究了流体冲刷下SRB的腐蚀行为。基于计算流体动力学 (CFD) 得到的管道腐蚀区域预测云图和粒子运动轨迹图结果，预判管道腐蚀部位，结果表明管道底部较顶部腐蚀、管道出口处腐蚀较入口处严重；在预判管道腐蚀部位布置研究电极，运用电化学方法以及表面分析方法探究了流体冲刷下SRB的腐蚀规律。结果表明，SRB在金属表面未形成生物膜时 (未进行预膜处理)，冲刷腐蚀占主导地位，金属表面有明显的冲刷腐蚀特点，腐蚀产物主要以Fe的氧化物为主。当SRB在金属表面预先形成致密生物膜时(进行预膜处理)，SRB腐蚀占主导地位，生物膜会减缓冲刷腐蚀，但膜下SRB的生命活动会与金属基体发生电子交换，从而发生SRB腐蚀，腐蚀产物主要以硫铁化合物为主。
Accelerated corrosion of 2205 duplex stainless steel caused by marine aerobic Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm
[J].
A review of risk-based decision-making models for microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) in offshore pipelines
[J].
Target aided self-assembly of DNA hyperbranched nanostructures for bacterial 16 S ribosomal DNA gene SERS detection
[J].
Multi pathogenic microorganisms determination using DNA composites-encapsulated DNA silver nanocluster/graphene oxide-based system through rolling cycle amplification
[J].
DNA pom-pom nanostructure as a multifunctional platform for pathogenic bacteria determination and inactivation
[J].
Rapid detection methods for sulfate-reducing bacteria in marine environments
[J].
海洋环境中硫酸盐还原菌的快速测定方法研究
[J].
Precise localization and simultaneous bacterial eradication of biofilms based on nanocontainers with successive responsive property toward pH and ATP
[J].
Selective ATP detection via activation of MoS2-based artificial nanozymes inhibited by ZIF-90 nanoparticles
[J].
Target-modulated competitive binding and exonuclease I-powered strategy for the simultaneous and rapid detection of biological targets
[J].
Dual-signal viscosity flow paper sensor for ATP detection based on bio-recognition and nanozyme activity regulation of ZIF-90
[J].
Biocorrosion: towards understanding interactions between biofilms and metals
[J].
Microbiologically influenced corrosion: looking to the future
[J].This review discusses the state-of-the-art of research into biocorrosion and the biofouling of metals and alloys of industrial usage. The key concepts needed to understand the main effects of microorganisms on metal decay, and current trends in monitoring and control strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of biocorrosion and biofouling are also described. Several relevant cases of biocorrosion studied by our research group are provided as examples: (i) biocorrosion of aluminum and its alloys by fungal contaminants of jet fuels; (ii) sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)-induced corrosion of steel; (iii) biocorrosion and biofouling interactions in the marine environment; (iv) monitoring strategies for assessing biocorrosion in industrial water systems; (v) microbial inhibition of corrosion; (vi) use and limitations of electrochemical techniques for evaluating biocorrosion effects. Future prospects in the field are described with respect to the potential of innovative techniques in microscopy (environmental scanning electron microscopy, confocal scanning laser microscopy, atomic force microscopy), new spectroscopic techniques for the study of corrosion products and biofilms (energy dispersion X-ray analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis) and electrochemistry (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemical noise analysis).
Predicting microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) in seawater injection systems
[A].
Cost efficient MIC management system based on molecular microbiological methods
[A].
The application of molecular microbiological methods for early warning of MIC in pipelines
[A].
Application of the stochastic process to pitting corrosion
[J].
An integrated dynamic failure assessment model for offshore components under microbiologically influenced corrosion
[J].
Modeling of anaerobic corrosion influenced by sulfate-reducing bacteria
[J].
The graphitization of cast iron as an electrobiochemical process in anaerobic soil
[J].
Comprehensive modelling of the pitting biocorrosion of steel
[J].
Models for the anaerobic phases of marine immersion corrosion
[J].
A numerical model of controlled bioinduced mineralization in a porous medium to prevent corrosion
[A].
Sulphate-reducing bacteria growth kinetics-based microbiologically influenced corrosion predictive model
[J].
A new mechanistic model for MIC based on a biocatalytic cathodic sulfate reduction theory
[A].
Theoretical modeling of the possibility of acid producing bacteria causing fast pitting biocorrosion
[J].
Mechanistic modeling of biocorrosion caused by biofilms of sulfate reducing bacteria and acid producing bacteria
[J].Biocorrosion is also known as microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Most anaerobic MIC cases can be classified into two major types. Type I MIC involves non-oxygen oxidants such as sulfate and nitrate that require biocatalysis for their reduction in the cytoplasm of microbes such as sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) and nitrate reducing bacteria (NRB). This means that the extracellular electrons from the oxidation of metal such as iron must be transported across cell walls into the cytoplasm. Type II MIC involves oxidants such as protons that are secreted by microbes such as acid producing bacteria (APB). The biofilms in this case supply the locally high concentrations of oxidants that are corrosive without biocatalysis. This work describes a mechanistic model that is based on the biocatalytic cathodic sulfate reduction (BCSR) theory. The model utilizes charge transfer and mass transfer concepts to describe the SRB biocorrosion process. The model also includes a mechanism to describe APB attack based on the local acidic pH at a pit bottom. A pitting prediction software package has been created based on the mechanisms. It predicts long-term pitting rates and worst-case scenarios after calibration using SRB short-term pit depth data. Various parameters can be investigated through computer simulation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
