Laser etching and PFTS modification | Moth eye structure/Aluminum plate | 1085 s vs 300 s at -15oC | | The temperature rises to 80oC in 300 s/ by 1 sun (0.1 W/cm2) | Melt the 10 mm × 10 mm ice in 240 s /by one sun | 20 icing / deicing cycles, High durability and wear resistance | [65] |
Electron beam vapor deposition | TiN,PTFE/Q234 | 78 s vs 20 s at -10oC | | The temperature rises to 85oC in 600 s/ by NIR irradiation, 808 nm, 0.1 mW/cm2 | Melt the 25 mm × 25 mm × 3 mm ice in 50 s/ by NIR irradiation, 0.1 W/cm2 | High temperature thermal stability, excellent corrosion resistance | [66] |
Spraying method | SiC, SiO2/ copper mesh | 82 s vs 43 s at -30oC | 1.66 kPa vs 5.87 kPa | The temperature rises to 48.3oC in 60 s /by NIR irradiation, 808 nm, 2.5 W/cm2 | Melt the ice in 300 s/by NIR irradiation (2.5 W/cm2) | High heat conversion efficiency, high flexibility and wear resistance | [67] |
Spraying method | Melanin nanoparticles/glass | 144 s vs 63 s at -20oC | 25.65 kPa vs 104.13 kPa | The temperature rises to 68.5oC in 600 s /by 1 sun (0.1 W/cm2) | Melt the 3 mm thick ice in 600 s/by one sun (0.1 W/cm2) | 10 icing / deicing cycles | [68] |
Spraying method | FMWCNTs/Aluminum plate | 364 s vs 23 s at -10oC | | The temperature rises to 55.7oC in 600 s /by 1 sun (0.1 W/cm2) | Melt the 2 mm thick ice in 900 s/by one sun (0.1 W/cm2) | Photothermal self - healing performance, high heat conversion efficiency | [69] |
Spraying method | SiO2/SiC/ EVA Plate | 152 s vs 29 s at -30oC | 4.42 kPa vs 52.17 kPa | The temperature rises to 315oC in 10 s /by NIR (808 nm) | Melt the 25 mm × 35 mm × 3 mm ice in 180 s /by NIR (808 nm) | 5 icing / deicing cycles | [70] |
Spraying method | SiC/CNTs/ EVA Plate | 66 s vs 15 s at -30oC | 2.65 kPa vs 25.65 kPa | The temperature rises to 172.6oC in 60 s /by NIR (808 nm) | Melt the 25 mm × 45 mm × 30 mm ice in 250 s/by NIR (808 nm) | high heat conversion efficiency | [71] |
Spraying method | Fe3O4 / glass | 2878 s vs 50 s at -15oC | 213.7 kPa vs 399.9 kPa | The temperature rises to 38oC in 300 s /by fluorescent lamp (75 W) | Melt the ice in 232 s/by fluorescent lamp (75 W) | 10 icing / deicing cycles | [72] |