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中国腐蚀与防护学报  2025, Vol. 45 Issue (6): 1493-1507     CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.026      DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.026
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光响应多功能自修复涂层的研究进展
刘建阳, 韩扬, 于美燕, 王巍()
中国海洋大学材料科学与工程学院 青岛 266100
Recent Advances in Light-responsive Multifunctional Self-healing Coatings
LIU Jianyang, HAN Yang, YU Meiyan, WANG Wei()
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
引用本文:

刘建阳, 韩扬, 于美燕, 王巍. 光响应多功能自修复涂层的研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(6): 1493-1507.
Jianyang LIU, Yang HAN, Meiyan YU, Wei WANG. Recent Advances in Light-responsive Multifunctional Self-healing Coatings[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(6): 1493-1507.

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摘要: 

金属腐蚀影响着国民经济的各个领域，对工业制造、环境保护等方面造成了严重威胁。为解决这些难题，光响应自修复涂层作为一种具有特殊功能的智能材料应运而生，它能够在光照条件下实现自我修复，从而恢复涂层的完整性和其他性能。光热自愈技术的精确性、快速响应性及众多优点表明了多种潜在的应用。本文全面概述了光响应自修复涂层的最新进展和挑战，包括自修复涂层的分类、光响应自修复的不同作用机理及在防腐、防冰、除冰和预警等领域的应用。最后，本文强调了一些尚未解决的关键挑战并讨论了该领域的未来发展方向。
关键词 ： 防腐蚀保护,  自修复涂层,  光热响应,  多功能材料    
Abstract：

Metal corrosion has caused significant losses to the national economy. Corrosion not only shortens the service life of industrial facilities but also poses potential threats to environmental safety. To address these challenges, light-responsive self-healing coatings, as a special functional smart material, have emerged. These coatings can self-repair under light irradiation, thereby restoring the integrity and other properties of the coating. Herein, the classification, mechanisms, and corrosion protection applications of multifunctional light-responsive self-healing coatings are reviewed, aiming to explore and address challenges in the field of corrosion protection, improve the safety and reliability of facilities, reduce maintenance frequency and costs, and provide new ideas and technical support for equipment protection in extreme environments. It discusses the latest domestic and international research achievements regarding the enhancement of corrosion resistance, anti-icing, and early warning performance of light-responsive self-healing coatings. It also analyzes in detail the influence of factors such as filler content, light wavelength, light intensity, and substrate type on the self-healing performance and corrosion resistance of the coatings. Finally, a series of optimization suggestions are proposed to address current issues such as high coating preparation costs and low photothermal conversion efficiency, and look forward to the broad application prospects of light-responsive self-healing coatings in corrosion protection of industrial equipment and pipelines, routine maintenance and fault prevention, adaptability to complex environments, and integration with new energy technologies.
Key words： corrosion protection    self-healing coatings    photothermal response    multifunctional materials
收稿日期: 2025-01-17      32134.14.1005.4537.2025.026
ZTFLH:  TB430.50  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金(42476210)
通讯作者: 王巍，E-mail：wangwei8038@ouc.edu.cn，研究方向为海洋腐蚀防护、智能涂层的应用开发
Corresponding author: WANG Wei, E-mail: wangwei8038@ouc.edu.cn
作者简介: 刘建阳，男，2000年生，硕士生
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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.026      或      https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2025/V45/I6/1493

图1  含动态二硒键和UPy基团的DSe-WSP聚合物的合成路线[13]和WPU-UxHy固化膜示意图[14]
图2  自修复过程中二硫键修复机理[15]和基于H-H和S-S键的聚合物网络的理想结构以及多个动态键的协同作用示意图[16]
图3  以单宁酸(TA)和桐油为内核、聚丙烯腈为外壳制备的纳米纤维[23]和以醋酸纤维素壳负载油酸(OA)和醇酸清漆树脂(AVR)制备的核壳纳米纤维的示意图[24]
图4  光热自修复涂层分类示意图
图5  TiN-BTA@mSiO2NPs/环氧树脂的光热响应自愈机制示意图[36]，Fe3O4 MBT/环氧涂层的被动保护和自愈机制[37]，多功能自愈材料PVB-Cu@TA核壳纳米纤维制备示意图[30]，纤维素纳米纤维增强自愈水凝胶[38]
图6  f-PDAPs涂层的自修复机理[11]、DA反应在MXene薄膜刺激环氧涂层中的修复效果[46]、Co9S8@Bi2S3光热效应引发的动态二硫键和可逆氢键的重建[48]以及Zn2+-咪唑的金属配位键修复的示意图[50]
图7  基于1,4-苯醌二肟的自愈涂料的合成路线和示意图[51]与基于主客体相互作用的自愈涂层机理图[52]
MaterialsThe triggering conditionsRepair mechanismSelf- healing efficiencyCitation
TiN-BTA@mSiO2NPs / epoxy resinNear-infrared stimulationExogenous self-healingTrigger self-repair within 30 s[36]
Fe3O4 @MBT/epoxy resin coatingNear-infrared stimulationExogenous self-healingRepair cracks from 80 μm to 5 μm within 30 s[37]
PVB-Cu2O@TA/acrylic resinNear-infrared stimulationExogenous self-healingRepair cracks within 100 s[30]
Hydrogel reinforced by cellulose nanofibers doped with MXeneNear-infrared stimulationExogenous self-healingRepair cracks within 30 s[38]
f-PDAPs coatingNear-infrared stimulationDiels-AlderRepair efficiency of the coating reaches 93.1%[11]
MXene /epoxy resin coatingNear-infrared stimulationDiels-AlderRepair cracks within 30 s[46]
PPy-PUNear-infrared stimulationS-SRestore 65% of its original tensile strength[47]
Co9S8@Bi2S3-PUNear-infrared stimulationS-SAfter 5 cycles of cutting and healing, the self-healing efficiency is nearly 90%[48]
Epoxy self-healing coating(EPCN)HeatingDynamic imine bondCracks can be repaired in 8 minutes at 150 °C[49]
BDO-BQDO-TPUNear-infrared stimulationX-H···YBasic repair of cracks within 80 s[51]
Coating prepared based on Zn2+- imidazole metal coordination bondNear-infrared stimulationMetal coordination bondThe coating exhibits precise self-healing performance[50]
Cu2O@Ag-PDMSNear-infrared stimulationMetal coordination bondThe self-healing efficiency of the coating after 10 minutes can reach 97.8%[45]
Epoxy coating with β-cyclodextrin/graphene complexHeating/Near-infrared stimulationHost-guest interactionThe self-healing efficiency of the coating can reach 79.2%[52]
表1  不同修复机制的光热自修复涂层
图8  rGO@MS-BTA系列涂层转移电阻变化趋势示意图[53]和扫描电化学划痕|Z|扫描图像[54]
图9  CeO2系列涂层融冰时间的表征[55]和Bi2S3/Ti3C2T x 光响应自愈涂层融冰实验示意图[56]
图10  负载结晶紫内酯实现预警功能[57]和1,10-Phen实际预警情况示意图[58]
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