316L焊接接头在含元素硫-硫化氢环境中的腐蚀行为

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.008

中国腐蚀与防护学报 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.008

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316L焊接接头在含元素硫-硫化氢环境中的腐蚀行为

李科¹,李天雷²,曹晓燕²,姜流¹,王雅熙¹,肖泽渝³,钟显康⁴

1. 中国石油工程建设有限公司西南分公司
2. 中国石油集团工程设计有限责任公司西南分公司
3. 西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院
4. 西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院

Corrosion behavior of 316L welded joints in elemental sulfur-H2S-containing environments

引用本文:

李科李天雷曹晓燕姜流王雅熙肖泽渝钟显康. 316L焊接接头在含元素硫-硫化氢环境中的腐蚀行为[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.008.

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摘要: 316L在含硫天然气净化设备及管道中被广泛使用，316L母材具有很好的耐蚀性，但焊缝区和热影响区的耐蚀性能可能较低，存在较高的腐蚀风险，因此，开展316L焊接接头的耐蚀性能研究对保障含硫天然气净化设备及管道的运行安全有着重要意义。通过失重法、超景深三维扫描显微镜和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析技术研究了316L母材、焊缝、热影响区在模拟工况下的腐蚀行为。通过XPS技术和Mott-Schottky方法对三种钝化膜的成分和半导体特性进行分析。结果表明：不含H2S时，三种材质无明显的腐蚀，均匀腐蚀速率仅为0.001~0.004mm/a。含H2S时，其含量越高，腐蚀速率越高；例如，在120℃、0.1MPa H2S的条件下，焊缝、母材、热影响区的均匀腐蚀速率分别为0.316、0.472、0.551mm/a，局部腐蚀速率分别为86.590、42.757、60.861mm/a；在90℃，1MPa H2S下，三种材质的均匀腐蚀速率分别为1.136、1.001、0.861mm/a，局部腐蚀速率分别为125.595、90.297、124.291mm/a。以上结果表明，焊缝是发生局部腐蚀的高风险区域，其局部腐蚀速率约为母材的1.4 ~ 2倍。XPS结果显示，腐蚀产物的主要为铁的硫化合物、铁的氧化物、Cr(OH)3。钝化膜的半导体特性分析显示，焊缝区域的载流子浓度最高，因此该区域的钝化容易遭到破坏，发生局部腐蚀的风险增加。

Abstract：As a stainless steel, 316L is widely used in the sulfur-containing natural gas purification equipment and pipelines. But, the welded seam and heat-affected zone may pose a higher risk of corrosion, because of the lower resistance of corrosion refer to base material. Consequently, researching the corrosion resistance of 316L in welded joints is crucial to guaranteeing the safe operation of equipment and pipelines that are used in sulfur-containing natural gas environments. The corrosion behavior of 316L base material, welded seam, and heat-affected zone under simulated working conditions was investigated using weight loss method, ultra-depth three-dimensional scanning microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composition and semiconductor properties of the passive films were investigated using XPS and the Mott-Schottky method. The results show that, when H2S is free, these materials exhibit very light corrosion, with a general corrosion rate of only 0.001 ~ 0.004 mm/a. The content of H2S correlates with the corrosion rate, as the H2S content increases, the corrosion rate also rises; for example, under the conditions of 120℃ and 0.1MPa H2S, the general corrosion rates of the welded seam, base material, and heat-affected zone are 0.316, 0.472, and 0.551mm/a, respectively, and the localized corrosion rates are 86.590, 42.757, and 60.861mm/a. At 90℃ and 1MPa H2S, the general corrosion rates of the three materials are 1.136, 1.001, and 0.861mm/a, and the localized corrosion rates are 125.595, 90.297, and 124.291mm/a. These results indicate that the welded seam is a high-risk area for localized corrosion, with the localized corrosion rate is approximately 1.4 to 2 times that of the base material. XPS results revealed that the main corrosion products were iron sulfides, iron oxides, and Cr(OH)3.The analysis of the semiconductor properties of the passive films showed that the welded seam had the highest carrier concentration, making the passive film in this region more susceptible to damage, leading to an increased risk of localized corrosion.

Key words： welded joints, 316L stainless steel, XPS, localized corrosion, elemental sulfur

收稿日期: 2025-01-03

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