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中国腐蚀与防护学报  2021, Vol. 41 Issue (6): 757-764    DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2020.152
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培养基对微生物腐蚀的影响
吕美英, 李振欣, 杜敏(), 万紫轩
中国海洋大学化学化工学院 海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室 青岛 266100
Effect of Culture Medium on Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion
LV Meiying, LI Zhenxin, DU Min(), WAN Zixuan
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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摘要: 

针对培养基对微生物及其腐蚀行为的影响进行了详细论述。首先，对不同的培养基类型进行了分类，并归纳了主要营养元素的常见来源及其生理功能。同时，对常见腐蚀菌的培养基种类进行了简单概述。然后，着重探讨了培养基中不同营养组分 (如碳源、氮源以及无机盐组分PO43-、SO42-、Cl-、Na+、K+、Ca2+和Fe2+) 对细菌生长特性以及腐蚀过程的影响。最后，展望了优化培养基组成对探究微生物腐蚀机理的重要性。
关键词 ： 微生物腐蚀,  培养基,  碳源,  氮源,  无机盐,  生长特性    
Abstract：

The influence of culture medium on the growth characteristics of microorganisms and their behavior in the relevant corrosion process of materials at home and abroad was introduced in detail. First, the different types of culture media were classified. The common sources and physiological functions of the main nutrient elements were summarized. The culture media for common corrosive bacteria were also briefly described. Then, the effect of different nutrient components (such as carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt components, e.g., PO43-, SO42-, Cl-, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Fe2+) on the growth characteristics and corrosion process of bacteria was emphatically discussed. It is finally prospected that the importance of compositional optimization of culture media for the clarification of the relevant mechanism of bacteria influenced corrosion.
Key words： microbiologically influenced corrosion    culture medium    carbon source    nitrogen source    inorganic salt    growth characteristic
收稿日期: 2020-08-18     
ZTFLH:  Q939.98  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51871204)
通讯作者: 杜敏     E-mail: ssdm99@ouc.edu.cn
Corresponding author: DU Min     E-mail: ssdm99@ouc.edu.cn
作者简介: 吕美英，女，1993年生，博士生
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引用本文:

吕美英, 李振欣, 杜敏, 万紫轩. 培养基对微生物腐蚀的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2021, 41(6): 757-764.
Meiying LV, Zhenxin LI, Min DU, Zixuan WAN. Effect of Culture Medium on Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2021, 41(6): 757-764.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2020.152      或      https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2021/V41/I6/757

Nutrient elementCommon sourcePhysiological function
CGlucose, sucrose, starch, beef extract, etc.It constitutes the cellular material of microorganisms, the skeleton of organic macromolecules, and provides energy for life activities
NYeast extract, beef extract, peptone, urea, ammonium salt, etc.It is the main element that constitutes proteins, nucleic acids, etc. In addition, ammonium and nitrate can also be used as energy sources for some bacteria
PKH2PO4, K2HPO4It is the key component of nucleic acid, nuclear protein and many coenzymes; Moreover, phosphate is an important buffer in cells
S(NH4)2SO4, MgSO4It is the component of sulfur-containing amino acids (cystine, cysteine, methionine, etc.) and sulfur-containing vitamins (biotin, thiamine, etc.); Sulfur and sulfides are also sources of energy for some autotrophic microorganisms
KKH2PO4, K2HPO4It is the cofactor of some enzymes (fructokinase, phosphopyruvate transphosphatase, etc.); It is also involved in the composition of the intracellular material transport system, and regulates membrane permeability, potential difference, and osmotic pressure
NaNaCl, NaNO3It can maintain osmotic pressure; It is essential for some bacteria and cyanobacteria
CaCa(NO3)2, CaCl2It is the stabilizer of some extracellular enzymes and the cofactor of proteases; It can also regulate the colloidal state in cells and reduce the permeability of the cell membrane
MgMgSO4It is the cofactor of nitrogenase and the component of chlorophyll; It can also stabilize ribosomes and cytoplasmic membranes
FeFeSO4It can constitute cytochrome, chlorophyll and some enzymes involved in the electron transfer process
表1  主要营养元素的来源与功能
Culture mediumKH2PO4K2HPO4NH4ClCaCl2·2H2OCaCl2·6H2OCaSO4Na2SO4FeSO4·7H2OMgSO4·7H2OSodium lactateYeast extractSodium citrate(NH4)2FeSO4·6H2O
PB0.5---1.00.06------4.50.0040.066.01.00.3---
PC---0.51.0---0.06---2.0---0.066.01.00.3---
MB---0.051.0------1.0------4.13.51.05.01.38
表2  SRB培养基组成
Culture mediumK2HPO4NaNO3CaCl2MgSO4·7H2ONH4NO3(g/L)(NH4)2SO4FeSO4·7H2OAmmonium ferric citrateKClCa(NO3)2
Winogradsky0.50.50.20.50.5------6.0------
9k0.05------0.50.15---------0.050.01
Bushnell Hass0.5------0.5---3.044.22---0.10.01
表3  IOB培养基组成
Culture mediumBeef extractYeast extractNaClPeptoneKNO3
NB3.0---5.010.0---
LB-NO3---5.05.010.010.0
表4  NRB培养基组成
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