Surface re-melted layer was obtained on super 13Cr stainless steel via laser surface melting (LSM) treatment, then, of which the microstructure, micro-hardness and corrosion performance were characterized by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, micro-hardness tester, immersion test and scanning micro-zone electrochemical workstation. It is found that with a laser beam of 200 W and 5 mm/s of laser scanning speed, the LSM treatment could produce a remelting surface composed of 200 μm thick LSM layer and a 600 μm thick transition layer on the steel surface. The above two layers all show martensite microstructure, while the steel matrix is comprised of martensite and austenite. The micro-hardness of the LSM layer is 410 HV, which is 25% higher than the hardness of steel matrix, while that of the transition layer is 360~400 HV. Moreover, comparing with the LSM layer and steel matrix, the transition layer shows the widest passive range, lowest passive current density, and highest pitting potential and Kelvin potential. In addition, the inter-pass interface of the LSM layer is sensitive to localized corrosion. It is concluded that LSM treatment can significantly enhance the surface hardness of super 13Cr stainless steel, and the corrosion resistance of super 13Cr lies in the order of transition layer＞steel matrix＞LSM layer, indicating that a highly corrosion-resistant transition layer can be obtained on the steel surface via laser surface modification.