喷丸处理对Super304H钢抗蒸汽氧化性能的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2018.083

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2019, Vol. 39

Issue (3): 245-252 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2018.083

研究报告

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

喷丸处理对Super304H钢抗蒸汽氧化性能的影响

马云海(

)

上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司上海 200240

Effect of Shot Peening on Oxidation Resistance of Super 304H Steel in Supercritical Steam

Yunhai MA(

)

Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute, Shanghai 200240, China

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摘要:

研究了喷丸与未喷丸处理的Super304H钢在650 ℃/27 MPa的超临界蒸汽中的氧化行为。氧化1000和2000 h后，用金相显微镜 (OM)、扫描电镜 (SEM) 及能谱仪 (EDS) 分析氧化膜表面及横截面形貌、微观结构和元素分布，用X射线衍射仪 (XRD) 对氧化膜物相进行表征。结果表明：喷丸处理试样的抗蒸汽氧化性能要远优于未喷丸的试样，喷丸处理可显著提高Super304H钢的抗蒸汽氧化性能并提高表面氧化膜的抗剥落性能。对Super304H钢施以喷丸处理，可使材料表面晶粒细化，引入的晶界、亚晶界和位错等缺陷，加速Cr原子在高温氧化过程中向表面扩散，促进材料表面致密富Cr氧化层 (Cr₂O₃) 的形成和生长。

关键词 ： Super304H, 蒸汽氧化, 喷丸, 显微分析

Abstract：

Oxidation behavior of the shot-peened and bare Super 304H austenitic stainless steel was investigated in 650 ℃/27 MPa steam for 1000 and 2000 h, by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy (OM). It was observed that the oxidation resistance of the Super 304H steel was effectively improved by shot peening. Furthermore, spallation of oxide scale was only observed on the bare Super 304H steel after oxidation for 2000 h. The improvement of oxidation resistance could be attributed to the fact that the shot peening process produced a surface layer of ultra-fine grains with plenty of grain boundaries, sub-grain boundaries and dislocations, which enhanced the diffusion of Cr to form a layer of high density of Cr-rich oxides on the surface. Therefore, the shot peening processing is an effective approach, which not only improved the oxidation resistance to supercritical steam, but also mitigated the exfoliation of oxide scale formed on Super304H steel.

Key words： Super 304H steam oxidation shot peening microanalysis

收稿日期: 2018-06-13

ZTFLH:

TG172.82

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0801901);国家重点研发计划(2017YFB030-5205)

通讯作者: 马云海 E-mail: mayunhai@speri.com.cn

Corresponding author: Yunhai MA E-mail: mayunhai@speri.com.cn

作者简介: 马云海，男，1987年生，硕士

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引用本文:

马云海. 喷丸处理对Super304H钢抗蒸汽氧化性能的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2019, 39(3): 245-252.
Yunhai MA. Effect of Shot Peening on Oxidation Resistance of Super 304H Steel in Supercritical Steam. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2019, 39(3): 245-252.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2018.083 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2019/V39/I3/245

图1 取样示意图

图2 未喷丸和经喷丸处理的Super304H耐热钢氧化不同时间后的表面形貌

表1 未喷丸和经喷丸处理的Super304H耐热钢氧化不同时间后表面氧化物主要元素分布

图3 氧化物表面形貌局部放大图

图4 未喷丸和经喷丸处理的Super304H耐热钢氧化不同时间后的截面形貌

图5 未喷丸和喷丸试样氧化2000 h后氧化物横截面形貌及对应的元素分布曲线

图6 未喷丸和喷丸试样氧化2000 h后氧化物横截面元素分布

图7 未喷丸和喷丸试样氧化不同时间后氧化物的XRD谱

图8 经喷丸处理的Super304H钢试样中心未受影响区和表面变形区的金相照片及表面变形区的EBSD照片

图9 Fe-Cr-Ni合金中Cr在晶内和晶界中的扩散系数[20]

图10 Cr通过晶界扩散与通过体扩散的质量流量比及其占总的质量流量分数与晶粒尺寸的关系

图11 Super304H钢与氧化物的体膨胀系数的关系[21]

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